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Self-attention is essential to Transformer architectures, yet how information is embedded in the self-attention matrices and how different objective functions impact this process remains unclear. We present a mathematical framework to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Matteo Saponati , Pascal Sager , Pau Vilimelis Aceituno , Thilo Stadelmann , Benjamin Grewe

We present a new algorithm for estimating the Personalized PageRank (PPR) between a source and target node on undirected graphs, with sublinear running-time guarantees over the worst-case choice of source and target nodes. Our work builds…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-12-16 Peter Lofgren , Siddhartha Banerjee , Ashish Goel

We report on progress in algorithms for iterative phase retrieval. The theory of convex optimization is used to develop and to gain insight into counterparts for the nonconvex problem of phase retrieval. We propose a relaxation of averaged…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2009-11-10 D. Russell Luke

This paper studies two potential modifications of XTrace (Epperly et al., SIMAX 45(1):1-23, 2024), a randomized algorithm for estimating the trace of a matrix. The first is a variance reduction step that averages the output of XTrace over…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-03 Eric Hallman

We prove universality of local eigenvalue statistics in the bulk of the spectrum for orthogonal invariant matrix models with real analytic potentials with one interval limiting spectrum. Our starting point is the Tracy-Widom formula for the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 M. Shcherbina

This paper is concerned with the interplay between statistical asymmetry and spectral methods. Suppose we are interested in estimating a rank-1 and symmetric matrix $\mathbf{M}^{\star}\in \mathbb{R}^{n\times n}$, yet only a randomly…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-01-10 Yuxin Chen , Chen Cheng , Jianqing Fan

We analyse the eigenvectors of the adjacency matrix of a random inhomogeneous graph constructed from a specified degree sequence. We assume that the empirical degree sequence has bounded mean and variance. We show that near the edges of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-14 Thomas Buc-d'Alché , Antti Knowles

We provide faster algorithms and improved sample complexities for approximating the top eigenvector of a matrix. Offline Setting: Given an $n \times d$ matrix $A$, we show how to compute an $\epsilon$ approximate top eigenvector in time…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-05-31 Chi Jin , Sham M. Kakade , Cameron Musco , Praneeth Netrapalli , Aaron Sidford

We discuss a modification to Random Matrix Theory eigenstate statistics, that systematically takes into account the non-universal short-time behavior of chaotic systems. The method avoids diagonalization of the Hamiltonian, instead…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2010-07-27 A. Matthew Smith , Lev Kaplan

Tracking on the rotation group is a key component of many modern systems for estimation of the motion of rigid bodies. To address this problem, here we describe a Bayesian algorithm that relies on directional measurements for tracking on…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-26 Sofia Suvorova , Stephen D. Howard , Bill Moran

The algorithm for finding the optimal consistent approximation of an inconsistent pairwise comparisons matrix is based on a logarithmic transformation of a pairwise comparisons matrix into a vector space with the Euclidean metric.…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-05-11 W. W. Koczkodaj , M. Orlowski

Joint diagonalization, the process of finding a shared set of approximate eigenvectors for a collection of matrices, arises in diverse applications such as multidimensional harmonic analysis or quantum information theory. This task is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-02-12 Erik Troedsson , Marcus Carlsson , Herwig Wendt

Computing many eigenpairs of the Schr{\"o}dinger operator presents a computational bottleneck in large-scale quantum simulations due to the global communication overhead of explicit orthogonalization. To address this issue, we propose a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-26 Shengyue Wang , Aihui Zhou

Accurate 6D object pose estimation is fundamental to robotic manipulation and grasping. Previous methods follow a local optimization approach which minimizes the distance between closest point pairs to handle the rotation ambiguity of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-10 Meng Tian , Liang Pan , Marcelo H Ang , Gim Hee Lee

Improving upon results of Rudelson and Vershynin, we establish delocalization bounds for eigenvectors of independent-entry random matrices. In particular, we show that with high probability every eigenvector is delocalized, meaning any…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-02-01 Kyle Luh , Sean O'Rourke

This work presents a new algorithm for empirical risk minimization. The algorithm bridges the gap between first- and second-order methods by computing a search direction that uses a second-order-type update in one subspace, coupled with a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-06-09 Majid Jahani , Mohammadreza Nazari , Rachael Tappenden , Albert S. Berahas , Martin Takáč

A popular method for solving large sparse regular eigenvalue problem is the shift-and-invert Arnoldi method. This paper aims to use the method for large sparse singular pencils. In three recent papers, {\em Hochstenbach, Mehl, and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-20 Karl Meerbergen , Zhijun Wang

For large-scale eigenvalue problems requiring many mutually orthogonal eigenvectors, traditional numerical methods suffer substantial computational and communication costs with limited parallel scalability, primarily due to explicit…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-12 Shengyue Wang , Aihui Zhou

We study the overlaps between right and left eigenvectors for random matrices of the spherical and truncated unitary ensembles. Conditionally on all eigenvalues, diagonal overlaps are shown to be distributed as a product of independent…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-11-17 Guillaume Dubach

We develop the first stochastic incremental method for calculating the Moore-Penrose pseudoinverse of a real matrix. By leveraging three alternative characterizations of pseudoinverse matrices, we design three methods for calculating the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-05-02 Robert M. Gower , Peter Richtárik