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In this paper we develop a continuous-time sequential importance sampling (CIS) algorithm which eliminates time-discretisation errors and provides online unbiased estimation for continuous time Markov processes, in particular for…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-12-19 Paul Fearnhead , Krzystof Latuszynski , Gareth O. Roberts , Giorgos Sermaidis

Diffusion models that are based on iterative denoising have been recently proposed and leveraged in various generation tasks like image generation. Whereas, as a way inherently built for continuous data, existing diffusion models still have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Jiaao Chen , Aston Zhang , Mu Li , Alex Smola , Diyi Yang

Diffusion models have shown remarkable performance on many generative tasks. Despite recent success, most diffusion models are restricted in that they only allow linear transformation of the data distribution. In contrast, broader family of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Grigory Bartosh , Dmitry Vetrov , Christian A. Naesseth

A new approach to the steady state detection in the uniformization method of solving continuous time Markov chains is introduced. The method is particularly useful in solving inhomogenous CTMC's in multiple steps, where the desired error…

Performance · Computer Science 2014-10-14 Maciej Burak

Discrete flow models (DFMs) have been proposed to learn the data distribution on finite state space, offering a flexible framework as an alternative to discrete diffusion models. A line of recent work has studied samplers for discrete…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-28 Zhengyan Wan , Yidong Ouyang , Liyan Xie , Hongyuan Zha , Fang Fang , Guang Cheng

Discrete diffusion has become a leading framework for generative modeling in various applications including language, vision, and biology. Existing convergence theory, however, exhibits fundamental limitations. KL-based analyses diverge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Kelvin Kan , Xingjian Li , Benjamin J. Zhang , Tuhin Sahai , Stanley Osher , Markos A. Katsoulakis

Sampling from discrete distributions is a ubiquitous task in machine learning, recently revisited by the emergence of discrete diffusion models. While Langevin algorithms constitute the state of the art for continuous spaces, discrete…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-18 Armand Gissler , Saeed Saremi , Francis Bach

In this work, we are concerned with existence and uniqueness of invariant measures for path-dependent random diffusions and their time discretizations. The random diffusion here means a diffusion process living in a random environment…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-06-20 Jianhai Bao , Jinghai Shao , Chenggui Yuan

We present existence and discrete-time approximation results on optimal control policies for continuous-time stochastic control problems under a variety of information structures. These include fully observed models, partially observed…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-03-13 Somnath Pradhan , Serdar Yüksel

This paper introduces a discrete diffusion model (DDM) framework for text-aligned speech tokenization and reconstruction. By replacing the auto-regressive speech decoder with a discrete diffusion counterpart, our model achieves…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-25 Pin-Jui Ku , He Huang , Jean-Marie Lemercier , Subham Sekhar Sahoo , Zhehuai Chen , Ante Jukić

Diffusion models have recently emerged as powerful generative priors for solving inverse problems. However, training diffusion models in the pixel space are both data-intensive and computationally demanding, which restricts their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Bowen Song , Soo Min Kwon , Zecheng Zhang , Xinyu Hu , Qing Qu , Liyue Shen

Discrete diffusion language models (dLLMs) provide a fast and flexible alternative to autoregressive models (ARMs) via iterative denoising with parallel updates. However, their evaluation is challenging: existing metrics conflate denoiser…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Luhan Tang , Longxuan Yu , Shaorong Zhang , Greg Ver Steeg

Diffusion model-based inverse problem solvers have shown impressive performance, but are limited in speed, mostly as they require reverse diffusion sampling starting from noise. Several recent works have tried to alleviate this problem by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Hyungjin Chung , Jeongsol Kim , Jong Chul Ye

Diffusion models have emerged as preeminent contenders in the realm of generative models. Distinguished by their distinctive sequential generative processes, characterized by hundreds or even thousands of timesteps, diffusion models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Haojun Sun , Chen Tang , Zhi Wang , Yuan Meng , Jingyan jiang , Xinzhu Ma , Wenwu Zhu

Diffusion models are the de facto approach for generating high-quality images and videos, but learning high-dimensional models remains a formidable task due to computational and optimization challenges. Existing methods often resort to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Jiatao Gu , Shuangfei Zhai , Yizhe Zhang , Josh Susskind , Navdeep Jaitly

Diffusion models have successfully been applied to generative tasks in various continuous domains. However, applying diffusion to discrete categorical data remains a non-trivial task. Moreover, generation in continuous domains often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Jaesung Tae

Diffusion probabilistic models have generated high quality image synthesis recently. However, one pain point is the notorious inference to gradually obtain clear images with thousands of steps, which is time consuming compared to other…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-04 Gang Chen

We model two time and space scales discrete observations by using a unique continuous diffusion process with time dependent coefficient. We define new parameters for the large scale model as functions of the small scale distribution…

Methodology · Statistics 2009-09-09 V. Calian , G. Stefansson , L. P. Folkow , A. S. Blix

Combining discrete and continuous data is an important capability for generative models. We present Discrete Flow Models (DFMs), a new flow-based model of discrete data that provides the missing link in enabling flow-based generative models…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-07 Andrew Campbell , Jason Yim , Regina Barzilay , Tom Rainforth , Tommi Jaakkola

Diffusion language models (DLMs) are an attractive alternative to autoregressive models because they promise sublinear-time, parallel generation, yet practical gains remain elusive as high-quality samples still demand hundreds of refinement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Hasan Amin , Yuan Gao , Yaser Souri , Subhojit Som , Ming Yin , Rajiv Khanna , Xia Song