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Related papers: Benchmarking and Building Long-Context Retrieval M…

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Current advanced long-context language models offer great potential for real-world software engineering applications. However, progress in this critical domain remains hampered by a fundamental limitation: the absence of a rigorous…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Jia Li , Xuyuan Guo , Lei Li , Kechi Zhang , Ge Li , Jia Li , Zhengwei Tao , Fang Liu , Chongyang Tao , Yuqi Zhu , Zhi Jin

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have yielded remarkable success across diverse fields. However, handling long contexts remains a significant challenge for LLMs due to the quadratic time and space complexity of attention…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Weijie Liu , Zecheng Tang , Juntao Li , Kehai Chen , Min Zhang

Large language models (LMs) are currently trained to predict tokens given document prefixes, enabling them to directly perform long-form generation and prompting-style tasks which can be reduced to document completion. Existing pretraining…

We evaluate the long-context retrieval and reasoning capabilities of five frontier large language models with advertised 1M-token context windows on a classical Chinese corpus. Two complementary studies are reported. Test 1 measures…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Eric H. C. Chow

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in handling long context inputs, but this comes at the cost of increased computational resources and latency. Our research introduces a novel approach for the long…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Zhenmei Shi , Yifei Ming , Xuan-Phi Nguyen , Yingyu Liang , Shafiq Joty

Recent advances have been improving the context windows of Large Language Models (LLMs). To quantify the real long-context capabilities of LLMs, evaluators such as the popular Needle in a Haystack have been developed to test LLMs over a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Jiawei Liu , Jia Le Tian , Vijay Daita , Yuxiang Wei , Yifeng Ding , Yuhan Katherine Wang , Jun Yang , Lingming Zhang

As language models support larger and larger context sizes, evaluating their ability to make effective use of that context becomes increasingly important. We analyze the ability of several code generation models to handle long range…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Yannick Assogba , Donghao Ren

As Large Language Models (LLMs) can now process extremely long contexts, efficient inference over these extended inputs has become increasingly important, especially for emerging applications like LLM agents that highly depend on this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Penghui Yang , Cunxiao Du , Fengzhuo Zhang , Haonan Wang , Tianyu Pang , Chao Du , Bo An

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated success across many benchmarks. However, they still exhibit limitations in long-context scenarios, primarily due to their short effective context length, quadratic computational complexity, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Manlai Liang , Mandi Liu , Jiangzhou Ji , Huaijun Li , Haobo Yang , Yaohan He , Jinlong Li

Existing large language models (LLMs) can only afford fix-sized inputs due to the input length limit, preventing them from utilizing rich long-context information from past inputs. To address this, we propose a framework, Language Models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Weizhi Wang , Li Dong , Hao Cheng , Xiaodong Liu , Xifeng Yan , Jianfeng Gao , Furu Wei

Recent large language models support inputs of up to 10 million tokens, yet they perform poorly on long-context tasks that require complex reasoning. Such tasks can be solved using only a subset of the input -- a proxy context -- rather…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Miao Li , Irina Saparina , Alexander Gurung , Mirella Lapata

Long-context modeling capabilities have garnered widespread attention, leading to the emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) with ultra-context windows. Meanwhile, benchmarks for evaluating long-context LLMs are gradually catching up.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Minzheng Wang , Longze Chen , Cheng Fu , Shengyi Liao , Xinghua Zhang , Bingli Wu , Haiyang Yu , Nan Xu , Lei Zhang , Run Luo , Yunshui Li , Min Yang , Fei Huang , Yongbin Li

Recent years have witnessed a substantial increase in the use of deep learning to solve various natural language processing (NLP) problems. Early deep learning models were constrained by their sequential or unidirectional nature, such that…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Jiajia Wang , Jimmy X. Huang , Xinhui Tu , Junmei Wang , Angela J. Huang , Md Tahmid Rahman Laskar , Amran Bhuiyan

In long, multi-page industrial documents, retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) depends heavily on whether chunk boundaries follow the document's true structure. Existing text-centric chunkers and generative hierarchy parsers often miss…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Joongmin Shin , Jeongbae Park , Jaehyung Seo , Heuiseok Lim

Understanding and reasoning over long contexts is a crucial capability for language models (LMs). Although recent models support increasingly long context windows, their accuracy often deteriorates as input length grows. In practice, models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Xi Ye , Wuwei Zhang , Fangcong Yin , Howard Yen , Danqi Chen

Image-text retrieval, as a fundamental and important branch of information retrieval, has attracted extensive research attentions. The main challenge of this task is cross-modal semantic understanding and matching. Some recent works focus…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Weijing Chen , Linli Yao , Qin Jin

Current long-context benchmarks primarily focus on retrieval-based tests, requiring Large Language Models (LLMs) to locate specific information within extensive input contexts, such as the needle-in-a-haystack (NIAH) benchmark. Long-context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Xiang Liu , Peijie Dong , Xuming Hu , Xiaowen Chu

Multimodal document retrieval aims to identify and retrieve various forms of multimodal content, such as figures, tables, charts, and layout information from extensive documents. Despite its increasing popularity, there is a notable lack of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Kuicai Dong , Yujing Chang , Xin Deik Goh , Dexun Li , Ruiming Tang , Yong Liu

The ability to understand and answer questions over documents can be useful in many business and practical applications. However, documents often contain lengthy and diverse multimodal contents such as texts, figures, and tables, which are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Yew Ken Chia , Liying Cheng , Hou Pong Chan , Chaoqun Liu , Maojia Song , Sharifah Mahani Aljunied , Soujanya Poria , Lidong Bing

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in natural language processing; however, they still face difficulties when tasked with understanding lengthy contexts and executing effective question answering. These…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Yanming Liu , Xinyue Peng , Jiannan Cao , Yanxin Shen , Tianyu Du , Sheng Cheng , Xun Wang , Jianwei Yin , Xuhong Zhang