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This text is reproduced with the kind permission of Fran\c{c}ois Ap\'ery. It was originally edited by Fran\c{c}ois Gu\'enard and Gilbert Leli\`evre for the book "Penser les math\'ematiques". It is the modified and abridged version of a text…
In a 1962 paper, Zariski introduced the decomposition theory that now bears his name. Although it arose in the context of algebraic geometry and deals with the configuration of curves on an algebraic surface, we have recently observed that…
This is an overview of higher structural constructions in physics. The main motivations of our current attempt are as follows: (i) to provide a brief introduction to derived algebraic geometry, (ii) to understand how derived objects…
Some translations into non-euclidean geometry of classical theorems of planar projective geometry are explored. The existence of some common triangle centers is dedeuced from theorems of Pascal and Chasles. Desargues' Theorem allows to…
This is a survey article on classical groups (over arbitrary division rings) and their geometries.
Cantor's ordinal numbers, a powerful extension of the natural numbers, are a cornerstone of set theory. They can be used to reason about the termination of processes, prove the consistency of logical systems, and justify some of the core…
In this memoir, we seek to construct a constructive theory that is as complete as possible to describe the algebraic properties of the real number field in constructive mathematics without a dependent choice axiom. To this purpose, we use a…
The aim of this paper is to develop a new axiomatization of planar geometry by reinterpreting the original axioms of Euclid. The basic concept is still that of a line segment but its equivalent notion of betweenness is viewed as a…
In this diploma thesis we discuss the deformation theory of Lie algebroids and Dirac structures. The first chapter gives a short introduction to Dirac structures on manifolds as introduced by Courant in 1990. We also give some physical…
A pedagogical but concise overview of Riemannian geometry is provided, in the context of usage in physics. The emphasis is on defining and visualizing concepts and relationships between them, as well as listing common confusions,…
In this paper, we investigate the configuration theorems of Desargues and Pappus in a synthetic geometric way. We provide a bridge between the two configurations with a third one that can be considered a specification for both. We do not…
We construct the differential geometry of smooth manifolds equipped with an algebraic curvature map acting as an area measure. Area metric geometry provides a spacetime structure suitable for the discussion of gauge theories and strings,…
These notes aim at providing a complete and systematic account of some foundational aspects of algebraic supergeometry, namely, the extension to the geometry of superschemes of many classical notions, techniques and results that make up the…
A basic problem of classical field theory, which has attracted growing attention over the past decade, is to find and classify all nonlinear deformations of linear abelian gauge theories. The first part of this paper summarizes and…
We compactify the spaces $K(m,n)$ introduced by Maxim Kontsevich. The initial idea was to construct an $L_\infty$ algebra governing the deformations of a (co)associative bialgebra. However, this compactification leads not to a resolution of…
Discrete conformal mappings based on circle packing, vertex scaling, and related structures has had significant activity since Thurston proposed circle packing as a way to approximate conformal maps in the 1980s. The first convergence…
Topological statistical theory provides the foundation for a modern mathematical reformulation of classical statistical theory: Structural Statistics emphasizes the structural assumptions that accompany distribution families and the set of…
In this memoir, we seek to construct a dynamical theory as complete as possible to describe the algebraic properties of the field of real numbers in constructive mathematics without axiom of dependent choice. We propose a theory which turns…
Scaling symmetries have previously been examined for classical field theories described by singular Lagrangians; in this article, we apply these results to the first-order formulation of General Relativity. It is shown that the dynamical…
We present a general framework for studying harmonic analysis of functions in the settings of various emerging problems in the theory of diffusion geometry. The starting point of the now classical diffusion geometry approach is the…