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Exoplanets are now being discovered in profusion. However, to understand their character requires spectral models and data. These elements of remote sensing can yield temperatures, compositions, and even weather patterns, but only if…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-23 Adam Burrows

The direct detection and characterization of planetary and substellar companions at small angular separations is a rapidly advancing field. Dedicated high-contrast imaging instruments deliver unprecedented sensitivity, enabling detailed…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-01-25 Tomas Stolker , Markus J. Bonse , Sascha P. Quanz , Adam Amara , Gabriele Cugno , Alexander J. Bohn , Anna Boehle

With the advanced capabilities of ground- and space-based telescopes, exoplanet science is beginning to characterize the physics and chemistry of exoplanet atmospheres. However, interpreting exoplanet observations requires sophisticated…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-27 Maggie A. Thompson

Average-atom models are an important tool in studying matter under extreme conditions, such as those conditions experienced in planetary cores, brown and white dwarfs, and during inertial confinement fusion. In the right context,…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2022-08-31 Timothy J. Callow , Daniel Kotik , Eli Kraisler , Attila Cangi

The purpose of the present review is to discuss the role of Soft Computing techniques in understanding the complexity associated with atmospheric phenomena and thus developing predictive models. Problems in atmospheric data analysis are…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2007-05-23 Surajit Chattopadhyay

With a new generation of observatories coming online this decade, the process of characterizing exoplanet atmospheres will need to be reinvented. Currently mostly on the instrumental side, characterization bottlenecks will soon stand by the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-16 Prajwal Niraula , Julien de Wit , Iouli E. Gordon , Robert J. Hargreaves , Clara Sousa-Silva , Roman V. Kochanov

Exoplanets, and in particular hot ones such as hot Jupiters, require a very significant quantities of molecular spectroscopic data to model radiative transport in their atmospheres or to interpret their spectra. This data is commonly…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-06-27 Christian Hill , Sergei N. Yurchenko , Jonathan Tennyson

ArchNEMESIS is an open-source Python package developed for the analysis of remote sensing spectroscopic observations of planetary atmospheres. It is based on the widely used NEMESIS radiative transfer and retrieval tool, which has been…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-29 Juan Alday , Joseph Penn , Patrick G. J. Irwin , Jonathon P. Mason , Jingxuan Yang

Hydrodynamical simulations are increasingly able to accurately model physical systems on stellar, galactic, and cosmological scales, however, the utility of these simulations is often limited by our ability to directly compare them with the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-09-26 Cameron Hummels , Britton Smith , Devin Silvia

We are now on a clear trajectory for improvements in exoplanet observations that will revolutionize our ability to characterize their atmospheric structure, composition, and circulation, from gas giants to rocky planets. However, exoplanet…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-20 Jonathan J. Fortney , Tyler D. Robinson , Shawn Domagal-Goldman , Anthony D. Del Genio , Iouli E. Gordon , Ehsan Gharib-Nezhad , Nikole Lewis , Clara Sousa-Silva , Vladimir Airapetian , Brian Drouin , Robert J. Hargreaves , Xinchuan Huang , Tijs Karman , Ramses M. Ramirez , Gregory B. Rieker , Jonathan Tennyson , Robin Wordsworth , Sergei N Yurchenko , Alexandria V Johnson , Timothy J. Lee , Chuanfei Dong , Stephen Kane , Mercedes Lopez-Morales , Thomas Fauchez , Timothy Lee , Mark S. Marley , Keeyoon Sung , Nader Haghighipour , Tyler Robinson , Sarah Horst , Peter Gao , Der-you Kao , Courtney Dressing , Roxana Lupu , Daniel Wolf Savin , Benjamin Fleury , Olivia Venot , Daniela Ascenzi , Stefanie Milam , Harold Linnartz , Murthy Gudipati , Guillaume Gronoff , Farid Salama , Lisseth Gavilan , Jordy Bouwman , Martin Turbet , Yves Benilan , Bryana Henderson , Natalie Batalha , Rebecca Jensen-Clem , Timothy Lyons , Richard Freedman , Edward Schwieterman , Jayesh Goyal , Luigi Mancini , Patrick Irwin , Jean-Michel Desert , Karan Molaverdikhani , John Gizis , Jake Taylor , Joshua Lothringer , Raymond Pierrehumbert , Robert Zellem , Natasha Batalha , Sarah Rugheimer , Jacob Lustig-Yaeger , Renyu Hu , Eliza Kempton , Giada Arney , Mike Line , Munazza Alam , Julianne Moses , Nicolas Iro , Laura Kreidberg , Jasmina Blecic , Tom Louden , Paul Molliere , Kevin Stevenson , Mark Swain , Kimberly Bott , Nikku Madhusudhan , Joshua Krissansen-Totton , Drake Deming , Irina Kitiashvili , Evgenya Shkolnik , Zafar Rustamkulov , Leslie Rogers , Laird Close

The upper atmospheres of Mars and Titan, as well as those on many other planetary bodies, exhibit significant density variations vs. altitude that are interpreted as gravity waves. Such data is then used to extract vertical temperature…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-04 Ludivine Leclercq , Robert E. Johnson , Hayley H Williamson , Orenthal J. Tucker

Physical insight into a material can be first gained by its color since the reflectance spectrum from an object reflects its microstructure and complex reflective indices. We here present a comprehensive overview of electrodynamics and…

Optics · Physics 2024-12-18 Dongik Lee , Seunghun Lee

ClusterPyXT is a new software pipeline to generate spectral temperature, X-ray surface brightness, pressure, and density maps from X-ray observations of galaxy clusters. These data products help elucidate the physics of processes occurring…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-06-07 Brian Alden , Eric J. Hallman , David Rapetti , Jack O. Burns , Abhirup Datta

Context. Semi-grey atmospheric models (with one opacity for the visible and one opacity for the infrared) are useful to understand the global structure of irradiated atmospheres, their dynamics and the interior structure and evolution of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Vivien Parmentier , Tristan Guillot

Directly imaging Earth-like exoplanets within habitable zones is challenging because faint signals can be obscured by exozodiacal dust, analogous to our solar system's zodiacal dust. This dust scatters starlight, creating a bright…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-18 Yu-Chia Lin

High-dispersion coronagraphy (HDC) optimally combines high contrast imaging techniques such as adaptive optics/wavefront control plus coronagraphy to high spectral resolution spectroscopy. HDC is a critical pathway towards fully…

We developed a Python based framework for astronomical image processing and analysis. Astronomical image loading, normalizing, stacking, and filtering processes represent visible range images from grayscale. Besides, the blending process…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-10 Tanmoy Bhowmik , MD Fardin Islam , Kazi Nusrat Tasneem , Rantideb Roy , Rownok Shahariar

The number of available constraints on the Universe during and before cosmic reionization is rapidly growing. These are often scattered across inhomogeneous formats, unit systems and sampling strategies. In this paper, I introduce CoReCon,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-14 Enrico Garaldi

Models of core accretion assume that in the radiative zones of accreting gas envelopes, radiation diffuses. But super-Earths/sub-Neptunes (1-4$R_\oplus$, 2-20$M_\oplus$) point to formation conditions that are optically thin: their modest…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-16 Eve J. Lee , Eugene Chiang , Jason W. Ferguson