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We will discuss how certain group theory structures are found in music theory. Western music splits the octave into 12 equal tones called half-steps. We can take this division further and split the octave into 24 equal tones by splitting…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Veronica Flynn , Carmen Rovi

In this paper, we analyze web-downloaded data on people sharing their music library. By attributing to each music group usual music genres (Rock, Pop...), and analysing correlations between music groups of different genres with…

Physics and Society · Physics 2007-06-13 R. Lambiotte , M. Ausloos

We extend Mazzola's counterpoint model using category theory, generalizing from the category $\mathbf{Set}$ to other topoi with suitable properties. This generalization suggests that counterpoint's essential structure depends on specific…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-06 Octavio A. Agustín-Aquino , Juan Sebastián Arias , Enrique Ruiz Hernández

While motivated by structural problems in mathematical music theory, this article introduces a novel combinatorial framework that advances the classification of cyclic cubic bipartite graphs. We extend the classical study of Levi graphs by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-26 Paweł Nurowski

Is the specific structure of Western tonal harmony a physical inevitability derived from acoustics, or is it merely one solution among many in a purely algebraic landscape? In this paper, we strip away the physics of vibrating strings and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-24 Pawel Nurowski

Music Structure Analysis is an open research task in Music Information Retrieval (MIR). In the past, there have been several works that attempt to segment music into the audio and symbolic domains, however, the identification and…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-03-27 Carlos Hernandez-Olivan , Sonia Rubio Llamas , Jose R. Beltran

In classical music and in any genre of contemporary music, the tonal elements or notes used for playing are the same. The numerous possibilities of chords for a given instance in a piece make the playing, in general, very intricate, and…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Steve Mathew D A

Let us say that a Cayley graph $\Gamma$ of a group $G$ of order $n$ is a Cerny Cayley graph if every synchronizing automaton containing $\Gamma$ as a subgraph with the same vertex set admits a synchronizing word of length at most $(n-1)^2$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-08-12 Benjamin Steinberg

Mixed graphs can be seen as digraphs that have both arcs and edges (or digons, that is, two opposite arcs). In this paper, we consider the case in which such graphs are Cayley graphs of Abelian groups. These groups can be constructed by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-05-20 C. Dalfó , M. A. Fiol , N. López

We classify three-tone and four-tone chords based on subgroups of the symmetric group acting on chords contained within a twelve-tone scale. The actions are inversion, major-minor duality, and augmented-diminished duality. These actions…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2020-07-08 Jason K. C. Polak

String diagrams turn algebraic equations into topological moves that have recurring shapes, involving the sliding of one diagram past another. We individuate, at the root of this fact, the dual nature of polygraphs as presentations of…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2017-09-28 Amar Hadzihasanovic

In this work, we propose a symbolic music generation model with the song structure graph analysis network. We construct a graph that uses information such as note sequence and instrument as node features, while the correlation between note…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Seonghyeon Go , Kyogu Lee

Why are white and black piano keys in an octave arranged as they are today? This article examines the relations between abstract algebra and key signature, scales, degrees, and keyboard configurations in general equal-temperament systems.…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2016-12-06 Brandon Tingyeh Wu

For any order of growth $f(n)=o(\log n)$ we construct a finitely-generated group $G$ and a set of generators $S$ such that the Cayley graph of $G$ with respect to $S$ supports a harmonic function with growth $f$ but does not support any…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2017-02-07 Gideon Amir , Gady Kozma

Colouring problems arising from group-based constructions provide a natural link between combinatorics and algebra, particularly in the study of Cayley graphs and Latin squares. We introduce the notion of colouring bijections of finite…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-25 Piotr Grzeszczuk

Recently in graph theory several authors have studied the spectrum of the Cayley graph of the symmetric group S_n generated by the transpositions (1, i) for 2 <= i <= n. Several conjectures were made and partial results were obtained. The…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-02-28 Guillaume Chapuy , Valentin Féray

The attempt is to give a formal concpet of system, and with this provide a definition of category, that will also satisfy the definition of a system. An axiomatic base is given, for constructing the group of integers. In the process, we…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2015-11-26 Juan Pablo Ramirez

In this paper, graph theory is used to explore the musical notion of tonal modulation, in theory and application. We define (pivot) modulation graphs based on the common scales used in popular music. Properties and parameters of these…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Jason I. Brown , Ian George

As a vital link between group theory and graph theory, Cayley graphs provide a geometric framework for encoding algebraic structures. This study explores the properties of Cayley graphs derived from cyclic groups whose order is the square…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-28 Iqbal Atmaja , Ahmad Erfanian , Yeni Susanti , Muhammad Nurul Huda , Ari Suparwanto

We present a homotopy theory for a weak version of modular operads whose compositions and contractions are only defined up to homotopy. This homotopy theory takes the form of a Quillen model structure on the collection of simplicial…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2020-07-03 Philip Hackney , Marcy Robertson , Donald Yau
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