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As large language models (LLMs) increasingly underpin technological advancements, the privacy of their training data emerges as a critical concern. Differential Privacy (DP) serves as a rigorous mechanism to protect this data, yet its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Liangyu Wang , Junxiao Wang , Jie Ren , Zihang Xiang , David E. Keyes , Di Wang

Differentially private stochastic gradient descent (DP-SGD) is the standard algorithm for training machine learning models under differential privacy (DP). The most common DP-SGD privacy accountants rely on Poisson subsampling to ensure the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Sebastian Rodriguez Beltran , Marlon Tobaben , Joonas Jälkö , Niki Loppi , Antti Honkela

In this paper, we are concerned with differentially private {stochastic gradient descent (SGD)} algorithms in the setting of stochastic convex optimization (SCO). Most of the existing work requires the loss to be Lipschitz continuous and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-23 Puyu Wang , Yunwen Lei , Yiming Ying , Hai Zhang

Differentially Private Stochastic Gradient Descent with Gradient Clipping (DPSGD-GC) is a powerful tool for training deep learning models using sensitive data, providing both a solid theoretical privacy guarantee and high efficiency.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Xinwei Zhang , Zhiqi Bu , Zhiwei Steven Wu , Mingyi Hong

Traditionally, the random noise is equally injected when training with different data instances in the field of differential privacy (DP). In this paper, we first give sharper excess risk bounds of DP stochastic gradient descent (SGD)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Yilin Kang , Jian Li , Yong Liu , Weiping Wang

Differential privacy (DP) provides a provable framework for protecting individuals by customizing a random mechanism over a privacy-sensitive dataset. Deep learning models have demonstrated privacy risks in model exposure as an established…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Yu Zheng , Wenchao Zhang , Yonggang Zhang , Yuxiang Peng , Wei Song , Kai Zhou , Xiaojiang Du , Bo Han

Applying machine learning (ML) to sensitive domains requires privacy protection of the underlying training data through formal privacy frameworks, such as differential privacy (DP). Yet, usually, the privacy of the training data comes at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Franziska Boenisch , Christopher Mühl , Roy Rinberg , Jannis Ihrig , Adam Dziedzic

We address the challenge of ensuring differential privacy (DP) guarantees in training deep retrieval systems. Training these systems often involves the use of contrastive-style losses, which are typically non-per-example decomposable,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Aldo Gael Carranza , Rezsa Farahani , Natalia Ponomareva , Alex Kurakin , Matthew Jagielski , Milad Nasr

When we enforce differential privacy in machine learning, the utility-privacy trade-off is different w.r.t. each group. Gradient clipping and random noise addition disproportionately affect underrepresented and complex classes and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Depeng Xu , Wei Du , Xintao Wu

Understanding the relationship between generalization and privacy remains a central challenge in modern machine learning theory, particularly for deep networks trained by variants of differentially private stochastic gradient descent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Christoph H. Lampert , Hossein Zakerinia

Most existing decentralized learning methods with differential privacy (DP) guarantee rely on constant gradient clipping bounds and fixed-level DP Gaussian noises for each node throughout the training process, leading to a significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Zehan Zhu , Yan Huang , Xin Wang , Shouling Ji , Jinming Xu

With the proliferation of smart devices having built-in sensors, Internet connectivity, and programmable computation capability in the era of Internet of things (IoT), tremendous data is being generated at the network edge. Federated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-31 Rui Hu , Yuanxiong Guo , E. Paul. Ratazzi , Yanmin Gong

Differentially private (DP) training preserves the data privacy usually at the cost of slower convergence (and thus lower accuracy), as well as more severe mis-calibration than its non-private counterpart. To analyze the convergence of DP…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Zhiqi Bu , Hua Wang , Zongyu Dai , Qi Long

Differentially Private Stochastic Gradient Descent (DP-SGD) is a popular iterative algorithm used to train machine learning models while formally guaranteeing the privacy of users. However, the privacy analysis of DP-SGD makes the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Meenatchi Sundaram Muthu Selva Annamalai

Differential privacy (DP) is a compelling privacy definition that explains the privacy-utility tradeoff via formal, provable guarantees. Inspired by recent progress toward general-purpose data release algorithms, we propose a private…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-06-17 Benjamin Coleman , Anshumali Shrivastava

Contextual bandit algorithms are useful in personalized online decision-making. However, many applications such as personalized medicine and online advertising require the utilization of individual-specific information for effective…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-08 Yuxuan Han , Zhipeng Liang , Yang Wang , Jiheng Zhang

The massive size of modern neural networks has motivated substantial recent interest in neural network quantization. We introduce Stochastic Markov Gradient Descent (SMGD), a discrete optimization method applicable to training quantized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-23 Jonathan Ashbrock , Alexander M. Powell

Many high-stakes applications require machine learning models that protect user privacy and provide well-calibrated, accurate predictions. While Differential Privacy (DP) is the gold standard for protecting user privacy, standard DP…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Ossi Räisä , Stratis Markou , Matthew Ashman , Wessel P. Bruinsma , Marlon Tobaben , Antti Honkela , Richard E. Turner

Differentially Private Stochastic Gradient Descent (DP-SGD) is a widely adopted technique for privacy-preserving deep learning. A critical challenge in DP-SGD is selecting the optimal clipping threshold C, which involves balancing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Chengkun Wei , Weixian Li , Chen Gong , Wenzhi Chen

To protect the privacy of individuals whose data is being shared, it is of high importance to develop methods allowing researchers and companies to release textual data while providing formal privacy guarantees to its originators. In the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-27 Justus Mattern , Zhijing Jin , Benjamin Weggenmann , Bernhard Schoelkopf , Mrinmaya Sachan