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We study the combinatorial and algebraic properties of Nonnegative Matrices. Our results are divided into three different categories. 1. We show a quantitative generalization of the 100 year-old Perron-Frobenius theorem, a fundamental…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-01-20 Jenish C. Mehta

We prove that if an $n\times n$ matrix defined over ${\mathbb Q}_p$ (or more generally an arbitrary complete, discretely-valued, non-Archimedean field) satisfies a certain congruence property, then it has a strictly maximal eigenvalue in…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-04-08 Robert Costa , Patrick Dynes , Clayton Petsche

We introduce the concept of shape partition of a tensor and formulate a general tensor eigenvalue problem that includes all previously studied eigenvalue problems as special cases. We formulate irreducibility and symmetry properties of a…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2021-02-25 Antoine Gautier , Francesco Tudisco , Matthias Hein

The Perron-Frobenius theorem plays an important role in many areas of management science and operations research. This paper provides a probabilistic perspective on the theorem, by discussing a proof that exploits a probabilistic…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-08-16 Peter W. Glynn , Paritosh Y. Desai

We introduce the notion of order-preserving multi-homogeneous mapping which allows to study Perron-Frobenius type theorems and nonnegative tensors in unified fashion. We prove a weak and strong Perron-Frobenius theorem for these maps and…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2017-02-13 Antoine Gautier , Francesco Tudisco , Matthias Hein

Let $x_1, \dots, x_n$ be points in a metric space and define the distance matrix $D \in \mathbb{R}^{n \times n}$ by ${D}_{ij} = d(x_i, x_j)$. The Perron-Frobenius Theorem implies that there is an eigenvector $v \in \mathbb{R}^n_{}$ with…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2022-12-07 Stefan Steinerberger

In this article the well known "Perron-Frobenius theory" is investigated involving the higher rank numerical range $\Lambda_{k}(A)$ of an irreducible and entrywise nonnegative matrix $A$ and extending the notion of elements of maximum…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2011-04-08 Aikaterini Aretaki , John Maroulas

The Perron-Frobenius theory for nonnegative matrices has been generalized to order-preserving homogeneous mappings on a cone and more recently to nonnegative multilinear forms. We unify both approaches by introducing the concept of…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2021-02-25 Antoine Gautier , Francesco Tudisco , Matthias Hein

That the Perron root of a square nonnegative matrix A varies continuously with the entries in A is a corollary of theorems regarding continuity of eigenvalues or roots of polynomial equations, the proofs of which necessarily involve complex…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2014-07-30 Carl D. Meyer

For matrices with all nonnegative entries, the Perron-Frobenius theorem guarantees the existence of an eigenvector with all nonnegative components. We show that the existence of such an eigenvector is also guaranteed for a very different…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2018-08-30 Hunter Swan

We propose a theory of eigenvalues, eigenvectors, singular values, and singular vectors for tensors based on a constrained variational approach much like the Rayleigh quotient for symmetric matrix eigenvalues. These notions are particularly…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Lek-Heng Lim

We prove a general version of the classical Perron-Frobenius convergence property for reducible matrices. We then apply this result to reducible substitutions and use it to produce limit frequencies for factors and hence invariant measures…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-07-17 Martin Lustig , Caglar Uyanik

We prove an analog of Perron-Frobenius theorem for multilinear forms with nonnegative coefficients, and more generally, for polynomial maps with nonnegative coefficients. We determine the geometric convergence rate of the power algorithm to…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2011-12-30 S. Friedland , S. Gaubert , L. Han

The Ruelle-Perron-Frobenius (RPF) theorem is a powerful tool in the study of equilibrium measures and their statistical properties. We prove a nonstationary version of this theorem under general conditions involving an invariant sequence of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-10-01 Vaughn Climenhaga , Gregory Hemenway

We consider multiplicative semigroups of real dxd matrices. A semigroup S is called Perron if each of its matrices has a Perron eigenvalue, i.e., an eigenvalue equal to the spectral radius. If all matrices of S leave a proper convex cone…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2026-05-14 Vladimir Yu. Protasov

Following the Perron-Frobenius theorem, the spectral radius of a primitive matrix is a simple eigenvalue. It is shown that for a primitive matrix $A$, there is a positive rank one matrix $X$ such that $B = A \circ X$, where $\circ$ denotes…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-07-21 Doulaye Dembélé

We present a new approach of proving certain Carath\'{e}odory-type theorems using the Perron-Frobenius Theorem, a classical result in matrix theory describing the largest eigenvalue of a matrix with positive entries. One of the problems…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2021-12-28 Márton Naszódi , Alexandr Polyanskii

We study continuity of the roots of nonmonic polynomials as a function of their coefficients using only the most elementary results from an introductory course in real analysis and the theory of single variable polynomials. Our approach…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2021-12-30 Anthony Stefan , Aaron Welters

We derive a generalization of the Perron-Frobenius theorem to time-varying row-stochastic matrices as follows: using Kolmogorov's concept of absolute probability sequences, which are time-varying analogs of principal eigenvectors, we…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-06 Rohit Parasnis , Massimo Franceschetti , Behrouz Touri

We develop a Perron-Frobenius type theory for products of random quantum channels acting on finite-dimensional matrix algebras sampled from a stationary and ergodic stochastic process, which, in keeping with the literature, we call ergodic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-13 Owen Ekblad , Jeffrey Schenker
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