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Over the past decades, a tremendous amount of work has addressed the topic of ego-motion estimation of moving platforms based on various proprioceptive and exteroceptive sensors. At the cost of ever-increasing computational load and sensor…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Cedric Le Gentil , Daniil Lisus , Timothy D. Barfoot

Existing LiDAR-Inertial Odometry (LIO) methods typically utilize the prior trajectory derived from the IMU integration to compensate for the motion distortion within LiDAR frames. However, discrepancies between the prior and true trajectory…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Tianxiang Zhang , Xuanxuan Zhang , Wenlei Fan , Xin Xia , Huai Yu , Lin Wang , You Li

This paper presents a tightly-coupled multi-sensor fusion algorithm termed LiDAR-inertial-camera fusion (LIC-Fusion), which efficiently fuses IMU measurements, sparse visual features, and extracted LiDAR points. In particular, the proposed…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-11-04 Xingxing Zuo , Patrick Geneva , Woosik Lee , Yong Liu , Guoquan Huang

Inertial localisation is an important technique as it enables ego-motion estimation in conditions where external observers are unavailable. However, low-cost inertial sensors are inherently corrupted by bias and noise, which lead to unbound…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-06 James Brotchie , Wenchao Li , Andrew D. Greentree , Allison Kealy

Treating IMU measurements as inputs to a motion model and then preintegrating these measurements has almost become a de-facto standard in many robotics applications. However, this approach has a few shortcomings. First, it conflates the IMU…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Keenan Burnett , Angela P. Schoellig , Timothy D. Barfoot

In recent years, multiple Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) systems have grown in popularity due to their enhanced accuracy and stability from the increased field of view (FOV). However, integrating multiple LiDARs can be challenging,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Minwoo Jung , Sangwoo Jung , Ayoung Kim

We present a novel tightly-coupled LiDAR-inertial odometry and mapping scheme for both solid-state and mechanical LiDARs. As frontend, a feature-based lightweight LiDAR odometry provides fast motion estimates for adaptive keyframe…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-04-29 Kailai Li , Meng Li , Uwe D. Hanebeck

Radar odometry estimation has emerged as a critical technique in the field of autonomous navigation, providing robust and reliable motion estimation under various environmental conditions. Despite its potential, the complex nature of radar…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Matteo Frosi , Mirko Usuelli , Matteo Matteucci

In this paper, we propose a novel laser-inertial odometry and mapping method to achieve real-time, low-drift and robust pose estimation in large-scale highway environments. The proposed method is mainly composed of four sequential modules,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-09-08 Shibo Zhao , Zheng Fang , HaoLai Li , Sebastian Scherer

Autonomous driving systems are highly dependent on sensors like cameras, LiDAR, and inertial measurement units (IMU) to perceive the environment and estimate their motion. Among these sensors, perception-based sensors are not protected from…

State-of-the-art forward facing monocular visual-inertial odometry algorithms are often brittle in practice, especially whilst dealing with initialisation and motion in directions that render the state unobservable. In such cases having a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-05-15 Bo Fu , Kumar Shaurya Shankar , Nathan Michael

Inertial Odometry (IO) has gained attention in quadrotor applications due to its sole reliance on inertial measurement units (IMUs), attributed to its lightweight design, low cost, and robust performance across diverse environments.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Jiahao Cui , Feng Yu , Linzuo Zhang , Yu Hu , Danping Zou

Continuous-time batch state estimation using Gaussian processes is an efficient approach to estimate the trajectories of robots over time. In the past, relatively simple physics-motivated priors have been considered for such approaches,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Sven Lilge , Timothy D. Barfoot

High-speed ground robots moving on unstructured terrains generate intense high-frequency vibrations, leading to LiDAR scan distortions in Lidar-inertial odometry (LIO). Accurate and efficient undistortion is extremely challenging due to (1)…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Yan Dong , Enci Xu , Shaoqiang Qiu , Wenxuan Li , Yang Liu , Bin Han

Event cameras are bio-inspired vision sensors that output pixel-level brightness changes instead of standard intensity frames. They offer significant advantages over standard cameras, namely a very high dynamic range, no motion blur, and a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-01-21 Elias Mueggler , Guillermo Gallego , Henri Rebecq , Davide Scaramuzza

Nowadays, sensor suits have been equipped with redundant LiDARs and IMUs to mitigate the risks associated with sensor failure. It is challenging for the previous discrete-time and IMU-driven kinematic systems to incorporate multiple…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Xin Zheng , Jianke Zhu

Deployment of legged robots for navigating challenging terrains (e.g., stairs, slopes, and unstructured environments) has gained increasing preference over wheel-based platforms. In such scenarios, accurate odometry estimation is a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Chiyun Noh , Sangwoo Jung , Hanjun Kim , Yafei Hu , Laura Herlant , Ayoung Kim

Precise, seamless, and efficient train localization as well as long-term railway environment monitoring is the essential property towards reliability, availability, maintainability, and safety (RAMS) engineering for railroad systems.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Yusheng Wang , Weiwei Song , Yi Zhang , Fei Huang , Zhiyong Tu , Ruoying Li , Shimin Zhang , Yidong Lou

We propose a continuous-time spline-based formulation for visual-inertial odometry (VIO). Specifically, we model the poses as a cubic spline, whose temporal derivatives are used to synthesize linear acceleration and angular velocity, which…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Jiawei Mo , Junaed Sattar

The emerging Internet of Things (IoT) applications, such as driverless cars, have a growing demand for high-precision positioning and navigation. Nowadays, LiDAR inertial odometry becomes increasingly prevalent in robotics and autonomous…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Chengwei Zhao , Kun Hu , Jie Xu , Lijun Zhao , Baiwen Han , Kaidi Wu , Maoshan Tian , Shenghai Yuan