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Deep learning-based recommendation models (DLRMs) are widely deployed in commercial applications to enhance user experience. However, the large and sparse embedding layers in these models impose substantial memory bandwidth bottlenecks due…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Yu-Hong Lai , Chieh-Lin Tsai , Wen Sheng Lim , Han-Wen Hu , Tei-Wei Kuo , Yuan-Hao Chang

Processing-in-memory (PIM) architectures have demonstrated great potential in accelerating numerous deep learning tasks. Particularly, resistive random-access memory (RRAM) devices provide a promising hardware substrate to build PIM…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Weidong Cao , Yilong Zhao , Adith Boloor , Yinhe Han , Xuan Zhang , Li Jiang

Optical computing has been recently proposed as a new compute paradigm to meet the demands of future AI/ML workloads in datacenters and supercomputers. However, proposed implementations so far suffer from lack of scalability, large…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Daniel Sturm , Sajjad Moazeni

With a growing need to enable intelligence in embedded devices in the Internet of Things (IoT) era, secure hardware implementation of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) has become imperative. We will focus on how to address adversarial robustness…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Abhiroop Bhattacharjee , Abhishek Moitra , Priyadarshini Panda

The state-of-art DNN structures involve intensive computation and high memory storage. To mitigate the challenges, the memristor crossbar array has emerged as an intrinsically suitable matrix computation and low-power acceleration framework…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-09-04 Xiaolong Ma , Geng Yuan , Sheng Lin , Caiwen Ding , Fuxun Yu , Tao Liu , Wujie Wen , Xiang Chen , Yanzhi Wang

Many recent works have designed accelerators for Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). While digital accelerators have relied on near data processing, analog accelerators have further reduced data movement by performing in-situ computation.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-20 Anirban Nag , Ali Shafiee , Rajeev Balasubramonian , Vivek Srikumar , Naveen Muralimanohar

Always-on AI applications, from environmental sensors to biomedical implants, require ultra-low power consumption. Analog circuits offer a path to sub-microwatt inference, yet existing analog implementations are limited to feedforward…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Arthur Fyon , Julien Brandoit , Loris Mendolia , Damien Ernst , Jean-Michel Redouté , Guillaume Drion

The increasing computational demand of AI workloads has intensified the need for energy-efficient in-memory and near-memory computing architectures, particularly because data movement often consumes significantly more energy than…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Sarthak Antal , Steve Enosh

The power consumption of digital-to-analog converters (DACs) constitutes a significant proportion of the total power consumption in a massive multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) base station (BS). Using 1-bit DACs can…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-06-11 Lei Chu , Fei Wen , Lily Li , Robert Qiu

Analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) allow physical signals to be processed using digital hardware. Their conversion consists of two stages: Sampling, which maps a continuous-time signal into discrete-time, and quantization, i.e.,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-25 Nir Shlezinger , Ariel Amar , Ben Luijten , Ruud J. G. van Sloun , Yonina C. Eldar

The edge processing of deep neural networks (DNNs) is becoming increasingly important due to its ability to extract valuable information directly at the data source to minimize latency and energy consumption. Frequency-domain model…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Nastaran Darabi , Maeesha Binte Hashem , Hongyi Pan , Ahmet Cetin , Wilfred Gomes , Amit Ranjan Trivedi

We propose a co-design approach for compute-in-memory inference for deep neural networks (DNN). We use multiplication-free function approximators based on ell_1 norm along with a co-adapted processing array and compute flow. Using the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Shamma Nasrin , Diaa Badawi , Ahmet Enis Cetin , Wilfred Gomes , Amit Ranjan Trivedi

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are bio-plausible models that hold great potential for realizing energy-efficient implementations of sequential tasks on resource-constrained edge devices. However, commercial edge platforms based on standard…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Marco Paul E. Apolinario , Adarsh Kumar Kosta , Utkarsh Saxena , Kaushik Roy

ReRAM-based in-memory computing (IMC) architectures are promising candidates for energy-efficient matrix-vector multiplication. While scaling the size of ReRAM arrays allows for the amortization of power-hungry peripheral circuits like DACs…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-23 Ching-Yi Lin , Sahil Shah

Recently Resistive-RAM (RRAM) crossbar has been used in the design of the accelerator of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to solve the memory wall issue. However, the intensive multiply-accumulate computations (MACs) executed at the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-06-10 Xizi Chen , Jingyang Zhu , Jingbo Jiang , Chi-Ying Tsui

The objective of this study is to illustrate the process of training a Deep Neural Network (DNN) within a Resistive RAM (ReRAM) Crossbar-based simulation environment using CrossSim, an Application Programming Interface (API) developed for…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Tejaswanth Reddy Maram , Ria Barnwal , Bindu B

Edge computing is a promising solution for handling high-dimensional, multispectral analog data from sensors and IoT devices for applications such as autonomous drones. However, edge devices' limited storage and computing resources make it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-21 Nastaran Darabi , Amit R. Trivedi

AI applications have emerged in current world. Among AI applications, computer-vision (CV) related applications have attracted high interest. Hardware implementation of CV processors necessitates a high performance but low-power image…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2017-03-22 Li Du , Yilei Li

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) demonstrate promising accuracy in a wide range of applications. Among all layers in CNNs, convolution layers are the most computation-intensive and consume the most energy. As the maturity of device and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-04-02 Sho Ko , Yun Joon Soh , Jishen Zhao

Analog to Digital Converters (ADCs) are a major contributor to the energy consumption on the receiver side of millimeter-wave multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems with large antenna arrays. Consequently, there has been significant…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Farhad Shirani , Hamidreza Aghasi