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The surge of interest towards Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs), e.g., GPT-4V(ision) from OpenAI, has marked a significant trend in both academia and industry. They endow Large Language Models (LLMs) with powerful capabilities in…

Recent advances in vision-language models (VLMs) have improved image captioning for cultural heritage. However, inferring structured cultural metadata (e.g., creator, origin, period) from visual input remains underexplored. We introduce a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Yuechen Jiang , Enze Zhang , Md Mohsinul Kabir , Qianqian Xie , Stavroula Golfomitsou , Konstantinos Arvanitis , Sophia Ananiadou

Vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated impressive generalization across multimodal tasks, yet most evaluation benchmarks remain Western-centric, leaving open questions about their performance in culturally diverse and multilingual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Ali Faraz , Akash , Shaharukh Khan , Raja Kolla , Akshat Patidar , Suranjan Goswami , Abhinav Ravi , Chandra Khatri , Shubham Agarwal

Recent advancements in pre-trained large-scale language-image models have ushered in a new era of visual comprehension, offering a significant leap forward. These breakthroughs have proven particularly instrumental in addressing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Yiran Li , Junpeng Wang , Prince Aboagye , Michael Yeh , Yan Zheng , Liang Wang , Wei Zhang , Kwan-Liu Ma

Story visualization is an under-explored task that falls at the intersection of many important research directions in both computer vision and natural language processing. In this task, given a series of natural language captions which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-24 Adyasha Maharana , Darryl Hannan , Mohit Bansal

In recent years, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) such as GPT-4V have demonstrated remarkable advancements, excelling in a variety of vision-language tasks. Despite their prowess, the closed-source nature and computational demands…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Zhengqing Yuan , Zhaoxu Li , Weiran Huang , Yanfang Ye , Lichao Sun

The integration of artificial intelligence into scientific research has reached a new pinnacle with GPT-4V, a large language model featuring enhanced vision capabilities, accessible through ChatGPT or an API. This study demonstrates the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Zhiling Zheng , Zhiguo He , Omar Khattab , Nakul Rampal , Matei A. Zaharia , Christian Borgs , Jennifer T. Chayes , Omar M. Yaghi

In recent years large visual-language (V+L) models have achieved great success in various downstream tasks. However, it is not well studied whether these models have a conceptual grasp of the visual content. In this work we focus on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Madeline Schiappa , Raiyaan Abdullah , Shehreen Azad , Jared Claypoole , Michael Cogswell , Ajay Divakaran , Yogesh Rawat

Although Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated increasingly impressive performance in chart understanding, most of them exhibit alarming hallucinations and significant performance degradation when handling non-annotated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Xiao Zhang , Dongyuan Li , Liuyu Xiang , Yao Zhang , Cheng Zhong , Zhaofeng He

Determining the extent to which the perceptual world can be recovered from language is a longstanding problem in philosophy and cognitive science. We show that state-of-the-art large language models can unlock new insights into this problem…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Raja Marjieh , Ilia Sucholutsky , Pol van Rijn , Nori Jacoby , Thomas L. Griffiths

The study examines the application of GPT-4V, a multi-modal large language model equipped with visual recognition, in detecting radiological findings from a set of 100 chest radiographs and suggests that GPT-4V is currently not ready for…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-15 Yiliang Zhou , Hanley Ong , Patrick Kennedy , Carol Wu , Jacob Kazam , Keith Hentel , Adam Flanders , George Shih , Yifan Peng

The remarkable progress of Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has garnered unparalleled attention, due to their superior performance in visual contexts. However, their capabilities in visual math problem-solving remain insufficiently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Renrui Zhang , Dongzhi Jiang , Yichi Zhang , Haokun Lin , Ziyu Guo , Pengshuo Qiu , Aojun Zhou , Pan Lu , Kai-Wei Chang , Peng Gao , Hongsheng Li

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across a range of tasks, yet concerns about their potential biases exist. This work investigates the extent to which prominent VLMs exhibit cultural biases by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Ram Mohan Rao Kadiyala , Siddhant Gupta , Jebish Purbey , Srishti Yadav , Suman Debnath , Alejandro Salamanca , Desmond Elliott

Recent advances in Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved impressive progress in multimodal mathematical reasoning. Yet, how much visual information truly contributes to reasoning remains unclear. Existing benchmarks report strong…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Yuandong Wang , Yao Cui , Yuxin Zhao , Zhen Yang , Yangfu Zhu , Zhenzhou Shao

The emergence of Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) marks a significant milestone in the development of artificial intelligence. Insurance, as a vast and complex discipline, involves a wide variety of data forms in its operational processes,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Chenwei Lin , Hanjia Lyu , Jiebo Luo , Xian Xu

Multi-modal large language models (MLLMs), such as GPT-4o, excel at integrating text and visual data but face systematic challenges when interpreting ambiguous or incomplete visual stimuli. This study leverages statistical modeling to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Ching-Yi Wang

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have enabled a wide range of advanced vision-language applications, including fine-grained object recognition and contextual understanding. When querying specific regions or objects in an image,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Mingjie Xu , Jinpeng Chen , Yuzhi Zhao , Jason Chun Lok Li , Yue Qiu , Zekang Du , Mengyang Wu , Pingping Zhang , Kun Li , Hongzheng Yang , Wenao Ma , Jiaheng Wei , Qinbin Li , Kangcheng Liu , Wenqiang Lei

Multimodal GPTs represent a watershed in the interplay between Software Engineering and Generative Artificial Intelligence. GPT-4 accepts image and text inputs, rather than simply natural language. We investigate relevant use cases stemming…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Roberto Rossi

Since the release of ChatGPT, the field of Natural Language Processing has experienced rapid advancements, particularly in Large Language Models (LLMs) and their multimodal counterparts, Large Multimodal Models (LMMs). Despite their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Florian Schneider , Sunayana Sitaram

The rapid adoption of large vision-language models (LVLMs) in recent years has been accompanied by growing fairness concerns due to their propensity to reinforce harmful societal stereotypes. While significant attention has been paid to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Phillip Howard , Xin Su , Kathleen C. Fraser