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Dust is an essential ingredient of galaxies, determining the physical and chemical conditions in the interstellar medium. Several complementary observational evidences indicate that the cosmic dust mass density significantly drops from…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-03-24 A. Ferrara , C. Peroux

The first generation of stars were born a few hundred million years after the big bang. These stars synthesized elements heavier than H and He, that are later expelled into the interstellar medium, initiating the rise of metals. Within this…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-05-13 D. Burgarella , A. Nanni , H. Hirashita , P. Theule , A. K. Inoue , T. T. Takeuchi

Dust attenuation in galaxies has been extensively studied nearby, however, there are still many unknowns regarding attenuation in distant galaxies. We contribute to this effort using observations of star-forming galaxies in the redshift…

Supernova may be the dominant channel by which dust grains accumulate in galaxies during the first Gyr of cosmic time as formation channels important for lower redshift galaxies, e.g., AGB stars and grain growth, may not have had sufficient…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-05-02 Jed McKinney , Olivia Cooper , Caitlin M. Casey , Julian B. Munoz , Hollis Akins , Erini Lambrides , Arianna S. Long

Dust attenuation strongly affects the observed spectral energy distributions of galaxies, introducing significant uncertainties in the derivation of key physical properties such as star formation rates, stellar masses, and metallicities.…

Dust plays an important role in our understanding of the Universe, but it is not obvious yet how the dust in the distant universe was formed. I derived the dust yields per asymptotic giant branch (AGB) star and per supernova (SN) required…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-06 Michał J. Michałowski

We analyse the joint distribution of dust attenuation and projected axis ratios, together with galaxy size and surface brightness profile information, to infer lessons on the dust content and star/dust geometry within star-forming galaxies…

Observations suggest that high-redshift galaxies are either very dusty or essentially dust free. The evolution from one regime to the other must also be very fast, since evolved and dusty galaxies show up at redshifts corresponding to a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-19 Lars Mattsson

JADES-GS-z6-0, a high-redshift galaxy ($z \sim 6.7$) recently observed as part of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES), exhibits a distinct bump in its rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) spectrum…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-05-19 Ambra Nanni , Michael Romano , Darko Donevski , Joris Witstok , Irene Shivaei , Michel Fioc , Prasad Sawant

We investigate the evolution of dust content in galaxies from redshifts z=0 to z=9.5. Using empirically motivated prescriptions, we model galactic-scale properties -- including halo mass, stellar mass, star formation rate, gas mass, and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-02-21 Nia Imara , Abraham Loeb , Benjamin D. Johnson , Charlie Conroy , Peter Behroozi

We investigate the redshift (z) evolution of dust properties, its dependences on initial conditions of galaxy formation, and physical correlations between dust, gas, and stellar contents at different z based on our original chemodynamical…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-23 Kenji Bekki

The mechanism of dust formation in galaxies at high redshift is still unknown. Asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars and explosions of supernovae (SNe) are possible dust producers, and non-stellar processes may substantially contribute to…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-04-26 A. Leśniewska , M. J. Michałowski

Fundamental properties of the extinction curve, like the slope in the rest-frame UV and the presence/absence of a broad absorption excess centred at 2175A (the UV bump), are investigated for a sample of 108 massive, star-forming galaxies at…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Stefan Noll , Daniele Pierini , Maurilio Pannella , Sandra Savaglio

We investigate early galaxy evolution by modeling self-consistently their radially-resolved evolution of gas, stars, heavy elements, and dust content. Our model successfully reproduces various observed properties of JWST-identified galaxies…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-02-19 Daisuke Toyouchi , Hidenobu Yajima , Andrea Ferrara , Kentaro Nagamine

A novel technique is employed for estimating attenuation curves in galaxies where only photometry and spectroscopic redshifts are available. This technique provides a powerful measure of particular extinction features such as the UV bump at…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Charlie Conroy

We investigate the formation of dust grains in the ejecta of population III supernovae including pair--instability supernovae, applying a theory of non-- steady state nucleation and grain growth. In the calculations, the time evolution of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Takaya Nozawa , Takashi Kozasa , Hideyuki Umeda , Keiichi Maeda , Ken'ichi Nomoto

Since the epoch of cosmic star formation peak at $z \sim 2$, most of it is obscured in high mass galaxies, while in low mass galaxies the radiation escapes unobstructed. During the reionization epoch, the presence of evolved, dust obscured…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-10-21 J. H. Barbosa-Santos , Gastão B. Lima Neto , Amancio C. S. Friaça

The dust attenuation for a sample of $\sim$10000 local ($z\lesssim0.1$) star forming galaxies is constrained as a function of their physical properties. We utilize aperture-matched multi-wavelength data available from the Galaxy Evolution…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-02-17 A. J. Battisti , D. Calzetti , R. -R. Chary

The JWST discovery of a number of super-early (redshift $z>10$), blue galaxies requires these systems to be essentially dust-free in spite of their large stellar masses. A possible explanation is that dust is evacuated by radiatively-driven…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-02-08 Fabrizio Fiore , Andrea Ferrara , Manuela Bischetti , Chiara Feruglio , Andrea Travascio