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Generative modeling of discrete variables is challenging yet crucial for applications in natural language processing and biological sequence design. We introduce the Shortlisting Model (SLM), a novel simplex-based diffusion model inspired…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Yuxuan Song , Zhe Zhang , Yu Pei , Jingjing Gong , Qiying Yu , Zheng Zhang , Mingxuan Wang , Hao Zhou , Jingjing Liu , Wei-Ying Ma

Diffusion and flow-matching models achieve remarkable generative performance but at the cost of many sampling steps, this slows inference and limits applicability to time-critical tasks. The ReFlow procedure can accelerate sampling by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Beomsu Kim , Yu-Guan Hsieh , Michal Klein , Marco Cuturi , Jong Chul Ye , Bahjat Kawar , James Thornton

While diffusion distillation has enabled one-step generation through methods like Variational Score Distillation, adapting distilled models to emerging new controls -- such as novel structural constraints or latest user preferences --…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Yihong Luo , Tianyang Hu , Yifan Song , Jiacheng Sun , Zhenguo Li , Jing Tang

Existing rectified flow models are based on linear trajectories between data and noise distributions. This linearity enforces zero curvature, which can inadvertently force the image generation process through low-probability regions of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Yan Luo , Drake Du , Hao Huang , Yi Fang , Mengyu Wang

Few-step diffusion or flow-based generative models typically distill a velocity-predicting teacher into a student that predicts a shortcut towards denoised data. This format mismatch has led to complex distillation procedures that often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Hansheng Chen , Kai Zhang , Hao Tan , Leonidas Guibas , Gordon Wetzstein , Sai Bi

Guidance in conditional diffusion generation is of great importance for sample quality and controllability. However, existing guidance schemes are to be desired. On one hand, mainstream methods such as classifier guidance and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Jiajun Ma , Tianyang Hu , Wenjia Wang , Jiacheng Sun

Denoising generative models, such as diffusion and flow-based models, produce high-quality samples but require many denoising steps due to discretization error. Flow maps, which estimate the average velocity between timesteps, mitigate this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Kyungmin Lee , Sihyun Yu , Jinwoo Shin

Diffusion models generate high-quality images but require dozens of forward passes. We introduce Distribution Matching Distillation (DMD), a procedure to transform a diffusion model into a one-step image generator with minimal impact on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Tianwei Yin , Michaël Gharbi , Richard Zhang , Eli Shechtman , Fredo Durand , William T. Freeman , Taesung Park

Flow Matching has recently gained attention in generative modeling as a simple and flexible alternative to diffusion models. While existing statistical guarantees adapt tools from the analysis of diffusion models, we take a different…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-18 Lea Kunkel , Mathias Trabs

Ordinary differential equation (ODE) based generative models have emerged as a powerful approach for producing high-quality samples in many applications. However, the ODE-based methods either suffer the discretization error of numerical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Jingjing Wang , Dan Zhang , Joshua Luo , Yin Yang , Feng Luo

Continuous diffusion has been the foundation of high-fidelity, controllable, and few-step generation of many data modalities such as images. However, in language modeling, prior continuous diffusion language models (DLMs) lag behind…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Yuxin Chen , Chumeng Liang , Hangke Sui , Ruihan Guo , Chaoran Cheng , Jiaxuan You , Ge Liu

Deep generative models have achieved tremendous success in structure-based drug design in recent years, especially for generating 3D ligand molecules that bind to specific protein pocket. Notably, diffusion models have transformed ligand…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Daiheng Zhang , Chengyue Gong , Qiang Liu

Understanding galaxy morphology evolution across cosmic time requires models that can generate realistic galaxy populations conditioned on redshift. In this work, we study efficient redshift-conditioned generative modeling for astrophysical…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-19 Tianyue Yang , Sandro Tacchella , Xiao Xue

Controlled generation with pre-trained Diffusion and Flow Matching models has vast applications. One strategy for guiding ODE-based generative models is through optimizing a target loss $R(x_1)$ while staying close to the prior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Luran Wang , Chaoran Cheng , Yizhen Liao , Yanru Qu , Ge Liu

Discrete flow models offer a powerful framework for learning distributions over discrete state spaces and have demonstrated superior performance compared to the discrete diffusion models. However, their convergence properties and error…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-27 Zhengyan Wan , Yidong Ouyang , Qiang Yao , Liyan Xie , Fang Fang , Hongyuan Zha , Guang Cheng

Traditional discriminative computer vision relies predominantly on static projections, mapping input features to outputs in a single computational step. Although efficient, this paradigm lacks the iterative refinement and robustness…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Om Govind Jha , Manoj Bamniya , Ayon Borthakur

Recent advances in generative models, such as diffusion and flow matching, have shown strong performance in audio tasks. However, speech enhancement (SE) models are typically trained on limited datasets and evaluated under narrow…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-24 Tianyu Cao , Helin Wang , Ari Frummer , Yuval Sieradzki , Adi Arbel , Laureano Moro Velazquez , Jesus Villalba , Oren Gal , Thomas Thebaud , Najim Dehak

The use of guidance to steer sampling toward desired outcomes has been widely explored within diffusion models, especially in applications such as image and trajectory generation. However, incorporating guidance during training remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Marvin Alles , Nutan Chen , Patrick van der Smagt , Botond Cseke

Diffusion models and their variations, such as rectified flows, generate diverse and high-quality images, but they are still hindered by slow iterative sampling caused by the highly curved generative paths they learn. An important cause of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Nazir Nayal , Christopher Wewer , Jan Eric Lenssen

Diffusion models have significantly advanced the fields of image, audio, and video generation, but they depend on an iterative sampling process that causes slow generation. To overcome this limitation, we propose consistency models, a new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Yang Song , Prafulla Dhariwal , Mark Chen , Ilya Sutskever