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The proliferation of hate speech on social media is one of the serious issues that is bringing huge impacts to society: an escalation of violence, discrimination, and social fragmentation. The problem of detecting hate speech is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Anwar Hossain Zahid , Monoshi Kumar Roy , Swarna Das

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for automated text annotation in tasks ranging from academic research to content moderation and hiring. Across 19 LLMs and two experiments totaling more than 4 million annotation judgments,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Petter Törnberg

Large Language Models (LLMs) represent a major step toward artificial general intelligence, significantly advancing our ability to interact with technology. While LLMs perform well on Natural Language Processing tasks -- such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Brandon Smith , Mohamed Reda Bouadjenek , Tahsin Alamgir Kheya , Phillip Dawson , Sunil Aryal

In recent years, the advent of the attention mechanism has significantly advanced the field of natural language processing (NLP), revolutionizing text processing and text generation. This has come about through transformer-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Zhiyao Zhang , Yazan Mash'Al , Yuhan Wu

Hate speech is one type of harmful online content which directly attacks or promotes hate towards a group or an individual member based on their actual or perceived aspects of identity, such as ethnicity, religion, and sexual orientation.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-18 Wenjie Yin , Arkaitz Zubiaga

The proliferation of hateful content in online videos poses severe threats to individual well-being and societal harmony. However, existing solutions for video hate detection either rely heavily on large-scale human annotations or lack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Yueming Sun , Long Yang , Jianbo Jiao , Zeyu Fu

With growing role of social media in shaping public opinions and beliefs across the world, there has been an increased attention to identify and counter the problem of hate speech on social media. Hate speech on online spaces has serious…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Prashanth Vijayaraghavan , Hugo Larochelle , Deb Roy

Online abuse has grown increasingly complex, spanning toxic language, harassment, manipulation, and fraudulent behavior. Traditional machine-learning approaches dependent on static classifiers and labor-intensive labeling struggle to keep…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Suraj Kath , Sanket Badhe , Preet Shah , Ashwin Sampathkumar , Shivani Gupta

The training of large language models (LLMs) on extensive, unfiltered corpora sourced from the internet is a common and advantageous practice. Consequently, LLMs have learned and inadvertently reproduced various types of biases, including…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-20 Ambri Ma , Arnav Kumar , Brett Zeligson

Hate speech and profanity detection suffer from data sparsity, especially for languages other than English, due to the subjective nature of the tasks and the resulting annotation incompatibility of existing corpora. In this study, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-21 Vanessa Hahn , Dana Ruiter , Thomas Kleinbauer , Dietrich Klakow

Offensive language such as hate, abuse, and profanity (HAP) occurs in various content on the web. While previous work has mostly dealt with sentence level annotations, there have been a few recent attempts to identify offensive spans as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Christoph Tillmann , Aashka Trivedi , Sara Rosenthal , Santosh Borse , Rong Zhang , Avirup Sil , Bishwaranjan Bhattacharjee

Probing or fine-tuning (large-scale) pre-trained models results in state-of-the-art performance for many NLP tasks and, more recently, even for computer vision tasks when combined with image data. Unfortunately, these approaches also entail…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-11 Patrick Schramowski , Kristian Kersting

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across a wide range of instruction-following tasks, yet their grasp of nuanced social science concepts remains underexplored. This paper examines whether LLMs can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Ilias Chalkidis , Stephanie Brandl , Paris Aslanidis

Social media influence campaigns pose significant challenges to public discourse and democracy. Traditional detection methods fall short due to the complexity and dynamic nature of social media. Addressing this, we propose a novel detection…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Luca Luceri , Eric Boniardi , Emilio Ferrara

With the rapid growth of online information, the spread of fake news has become a serious social challenge. In this study, we propose a novel detection framework based on Large Language Models (LLMs) to identify and classify fake news by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Xiaochuan Xu , Peiyang Yu , Zeqiu Xu , Jiani Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are known to overuse certain terms like "delve" and "intricate." The exact reasons for these lexical choices, however, have been unclear. Using Meta's Llama model, this study investigates the contribution of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Tom S. Juzek , Zina B. Ward

Abuse on the Internet is an important societal problem of our time. Millions of Internet users face harassment, racism, personal attacks, and other types of abuse across various platforms. The psychological effects of abuse on individuals…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-15 Pushkar Mishra , Helen Yannakoudakis , Ekaterina Shutova

The prevalence of propaganda in our digital society poses a challenge to societal harmony and the dissemination of truth. Detecting propaganda through NLP in text is challenging due to subtle manipulation techniques and contextual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Kilian Sprenkamp , Daniel Gordon Jones , Liudmila Zavolokina

The astonishing success of Large Language Models (LLMs) in Natural Language Processing (NLP) has spurred their use in many application domains beyond text analysis, including wearable sensor-based Human Activity Recognition (HAR). In such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Harish Haresamudram , Hrudhai Rajasekhar , Nikhil Murlidhar Shanbhogue , Thomas Ploetz

With the rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) and their ubiquitous deployment in diverse domains, measuring language model behavior on realistic data is imperative. For example, a company deploying a client-facing chatbot must ensure that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Neel Jain , Khalid Saifullah , Yuxin Wen , John Kirchenbauer , Manli Shu , Aniruddha Saha , Micah Goldblum , Jonas Geiping , Tom Goldstein