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Text augmentation techniques are widely used in text classification problems to improve the performance of classifiers, especially in low-resource scenarios. Whilst lots of creative text augmentation methods have been designed, they augment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-02 Biyang Guo , Sonqiao Han , Hailiang Huang

Data augmentation is an important technique to improve data efficiency and save labeling cost for 3D detection in point clouds. Yet, existing augmentation policies have so far been designed to only utilize labeled data, which limits the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Zhaoqi Leng , Shuyang Cheng , Benjamin Caine , Weiyue Wang , Xiao Zhang , Jonathon Shlens , Mingxing Tan , Dragomir Anguelov

Incorrect labels in training data occur when human annotators make mistakes or when the data is generated via weak or distant supervision. It has been shown that complex noise-handling techniques - by modeling, cleaning or filtering the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-21 Dawei Zhu , Michael A. Hedderich , Fangzhou Zhai , David Ifeoluwa Adelani , Dietrich Klakow

Neural language models (LMs) are vulnerable to training data extraction attacks due to data memorization. This paper introduces a novel attack scenario wherein an attacker adversarially fine-tunes pre-trained LMs to amplify the exposure of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Myung Gyo Oh , Hong Eun Ahn , Leo Hyun Park , Taekyoung Kwon

Data augmentation has recently seen increased interest in NLP due to more work in low-resource domains, new tasks, and the popularity of large-scale neural networks that require large amounts of training data. Despite this recent upsurge,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Steven Y. Feng , Varun Gangal , Jason Wei , Sarath Chandar , Soroush Vosoughi , Teruko Mitamura , Eduard Hovy

This paper describes a method of domain adaptive training for semantic segmentation using multiple source datasets that are not necessarily relevant to the target dataset. We propose a soft pseudo-label generation method by integrating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Shigemichi Matsuzaki , Hiroaki Masuzawa , Jun Miura

Long-tailed data is prevalent in real-world classification tasks and heavily relies on supervised information, which makes the annotation process exceptionally labor-intensive and time-consuming. Unfortunately, despite being a common…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Meng Wei , Zhongnian Li , Yong Zhou , Xinzheng Xu

Data augmentation has been pivotal in successfully training deep learning models on classification tasks over the past decade. An important subclass of data augmentation techniques - which includes both label smoothing and Mixup - involves…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Muthu Chidambaram , Rong Ge

Most reinforcement learning (RL) methods for training large language models (LLMs) require ground-truth labels or task-specific verifiers, limiting scalability when correctness is ambiguous or expensive to obtain. We introduce Reinforcement…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Micah Rentschler , Jesse Roberts

In recent years, language models (LMs) have made remarkable progress in advancing the field of natural language processing (NLP). However, the impact of data augmentation (DA) techniques on the fine-tuning (FT) performance of these LMs has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Zhengxiang Shi , Aldo Lipani

Toxicity classification in textual content remains a significant problem. Data with labels from a single annotator fall short of capturing the diversity of human perspectives. Therefore, there is a growing need to incorporate crowdsourced…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Zelei Cheng , Xian Wu , Jiahao Yu , Shuo Han , Xin-Qiang Cai , Xinyu Xing

The growing importance of massive datasets used for deep learning makes robustness to label noise a critical property for classifiers to have. Sources of label noise include automatic labeling, non-expert labeling, and label corruption by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-30 Dan Hendrycks , Mantas Mazeika , Duncan Wilson , Kevin Gimpel

Being able to model correlations between labels is considered crucial in multi-label classification. Rule-based models enable to expose such dependencies, e.g., implications, subsumptions, or exclusions, in an interpretable and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Yannik Klein , Michael Rapp , Eneldo Loza Mencía

Deep learning has achieved remarkable results in many computer vision tasks. Deep neural networks typically rely on large amounts of training data to avoid overfitting. However, labeled data for real-world applications may be limited. By…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Suorong Yang , Weikang Xiao , Mengchen Zhang , Suhan Guo , Jian Zhao , Furao Shen

While previous studies on image segmentation focus on handling severe (or explicit) label noise, real-world datasets also exhibit subtle (or implicit) label imperfections. These arise from inherent challenges, such as ambiguous object…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Yechan Kim , Dongho Yoon , Younkwan Lee , Unse Fatima , Hong Kook Kim , Songjae Lee , Sanga Park , Jeong Ho Park , Seonjong Kang , Moongu Jeon

Data-Augmentation (DA) is known to improve performance across tasks and datasets. We propose a method to theoretically analyze the effect of DA and study questions such as: how many augmented samples are needed to correctly estimate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Randall Balestriero , Ishan Misra , Yann LeCun

While pre-trained language models (PLMs) are the go-to solution to tackle many natural language processing problems, they are still very limited in their ability to capture and to use common-sense knowledge. In fact, even if information is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Mohammed Saeed , Naser Ahmadi , Preslav Nakov , Paolo Papotti

Creating and collecting labeled data is one of the major bottlenecks in machine learning pipelines and the emergence of automated feature generation techniques such as deep learning, which typically requires a lot of training data, has…

Databases · Computer Science 2020-05-14 Sainyam Galhotra , Behzad Golshan , Wang-Chiew Tan

Recent studies on semi-supervised semantic segmentation (SSS) have seen fast progress. Despite their promising performance, current state-of-the-art methods tend to increasingly complex designs at the cost of introducing more network…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-12 Zhen Zhao , Lihe Yang , Sifan Long , Jimin Pi , Luping Zhou , Jingdong Wang

Supervised learning typically focuses on learning transferable representations from training examples annotated by humans. While rich annotations (like soft labels) carry more information than sparse annotations (like hard labels), they are…