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We present a deterministic fully-dynamic data structure for maintaining information about the cut-vertices in a graph; i.e. the vertices whose removal would disconnect the graph. Our data structure supports insertion and deletion of edges,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Jacob Holm , Wojciech Nadara , Eva Rotenberg , Marek Sokołowski

In this article, we determine the amortized computational complexity of the planar dynamic convex hull problem by querying. We present a data structure that maintains a set of n points in the plane under the insertion and deletion of points…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2019-03-01 Riko Jacob , Gerth Stølting Brodal

Dynamic connectivity is one of the most fundamental problems in dynamic graph algorithms. We present a randomized Las Vegas dynamic connectivity data structure with $O(\log n(\log\log n)^2)$ amortized expected update time and $O(\log…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Shang-En Huang , Dawei Huang , Tsvi Kopelowitz , Seth Pettie , Mikkel Thorup

We consider the problem of maintaining a $(1-\epsilon)$-approximation to the densest subgraph (DSG) in an undirected multigraph as it undergoes edge insertions and deletions (the fully dynamic setting). Sawlani and Wang [SW20] developed a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Chandra Chekuri , Kent Quanrud

We study dynamic planar graphs with $n$ vertices, subject to edge deletion, edge contraction, edge insertion across a face, and the splitting of a vertex in specified corners. We dynamically maintain a combinatorial embedding of such a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-09-29 Jacob Holm , Ivor van der Hoog , Eva Rotenberg

This paper considers fully dynamic graph algorithms with both faster worst case update time and sublinear space. The fully dynamic graph connectivity problem is the following: given a graph on a fixed set of n nodes, process an online…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-09-23 David Gibb , Bruce Kapron , Valerie King , Nolan Thorn

Algebraic data structures are the main subroutine for maintaining distances in fully dynamic graphs in subquadratic time. However, these dynamic algebraic algorithms generally cannot maintain the shortest paths, especially against adaptive…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Anastasiia Alokhina , Jan van den Brand

Given a set $P$ of $n$ points in the plane, we solve the problems of constructing a geometric planar graph spanning $P$ 1) of minimum degree 2, and 2) which is 2-edge connected, respectively, and has max edge length bounded by a factor of 2…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2011-12-16 Stefan Dobrev , Evangelos Kranakis , Danny Krizanc , Oscar Morales-Ponce , Ladislav Stacho

We describe a new data structure for dynamic nearest neighbor queries in the plane with respect to a general family of distance functions. These include $L_p$-norms and additively weighted Euclidean distances. Our data structure supports…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2020-10-02 Haim Kaplan , Wolfgang Mulzer , Liam Roditty , Paul Seiferth , Micha Sharir

We consider preprocessing a set $S$ of $n$ points in convex position in the plane into a data structure supporting queries of the following form: given a point $q$ and a directed line $\ell$ in the plane, report the point of $S$ that is…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2017-10-16 Boris Aronov , Prosenjit Bose , Erik D. Demaine , Joachim Gudmundsson , John Iacono , Stefan Langerman , Michiel Smid

We present a data structure that, given a graph $G$ of $n$ vertices and $m$ edges, and a suitable pair of nested $r$-divisions of $G$, preprocesses $G$ in $O(m+n)$ time and handles any series of edge-deletions in $O(m)$ total time while…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-04-16 Jacob Holm , Eva Rotenberg

We present a data structure that in a dynamic graph of treedepth at most $d$, which is modified over time by edge insertions and deletions, maintains an optimum-height elimination forest. The data structure achieves worst-case update time…

Temporal graphs represent interactions between entities over time. Deciding whether entities can reach each other through temporal paths is useful for various applications such as in communication networks and epidemiology. Previous works…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Luiz Fernando Afra Brito , Marcelo Keese Albertini , Bruno Augusto Nassif Travençolo , Gonzalo Navarro

We introduce a new dynamic data structure for maintaining the strongly connected components (SCCs) of a directed graph (digraph) under edge deletions, so as to answer a rich repertoire of connectivity queries. Our main technical…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-03-02 Loukas Georgiadis , Thomas Dueholm Hansen , Giuseppe F. Italiano , Sebastian Krinninger , Nikos Parotsidis

Temporal graphs represent interactions between entities over the time. These interactions may be direct (a contact between two nodes at some time instant), or indirect, through sequences of contacts called temporal paths (journeys).…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-04-01 Luiz F. Afra Brito , Marcelo Albertini , Arnaud Casteigts , Bruno A. N. Travençolo

We present the first deterministic data structures for maintaining approximate minimum vertex cover and maximum matching in a fully dynamic graph $G = (V,E)$, with $|V| = n$ and $|E| =m$, in $o(\sqrt{m}\,)$ time per update. In particular,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-12-04 Sayan Bhattacharya , Monika Henzinger , Giuseppe F. Italiano

In this paper, we consider maintaining strongly connected components (SCCs) of a directed planar graph subject to edge insertions and deletions. We show a data structure maintaining an implicit representation of the SCCs within…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Adam Karczmarz , Marcin Smulewicz

We give a fully dynamic deterministic algorithm for maintaining a maximal matching of an $n$-vertex graph in $\tilde{O}(n^{8/9})$ amortized update time. This breaks the long-standing $\Omega(n)$-update-time barrier on dense graphs,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Aaron Bernstein , Sayan Bhattacharya , Peter Kiss , Thatchaphol Saranurak

We study the point location problem on dynamic planar subdivisions that allows insertions and deletions of edges. In our problem, the underlying graph of a subdivision is not necessarily connected. We present a data structure of linear size…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2018-03-13 Eunjin Oh , Hee-Kap Ahn

We study the dynamic connectivity problem for massive, dense graphs. Our goal is to build a system for dense graphs that simultaneously answers connectivity queries quickly, maintains a fast update throughput, and a uses a small amount of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Quinten De Man , Qamber Jafri , Daniel Delayo , Evan T. West , Michael A. Bender , David Tench