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We study the gradient Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm for Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM) in the over-parameterized setting, where a general GMM with $n>1$ components learns from data that are generated by a single ground truth…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Weihang Xu , Maryam Fazel , Simon S. Du

The Gaussian mixture model is widely used in unsupervised learning, owing to its simplicity and interpretability. However, a fundamental limitation of the classical Gaussian mixture model is that it forces each observation to belong to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-27 Huan Qing

We propose a procedure to handle the problem of Gaussian regression when the variance is unknown. We mix least-squares estimators from various models according to a procedure inspired by that of Leung and Barron (2007). We show that in some…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-11-05 Christophe Giraud

Since Pearson [Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. A, 185 (1894), pp. 71-110] first applied the method of moments (MM) for modeling data as a mixture of one-dimensional Gaussians, moment-based estimation methods have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Liu Zhang , Oscar Mickelin , Sheng Xu , Amit Singer

Gaussian processes (GPs) provide a powerful non-parametric framework for reasoning over functions. Despite appealing theory, its superlinear computational and memory complexities have presented a long-standing challenge. State-of-the-art…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-01-16 Hugh Salimbeni , Ching-An Cheng , Byron Boots , Marc Deisenroth

We consider the problem of identifying the parameters of an unknown mixture of two arbitrary $d$-dimensional gaussians from a sequence of independent random samples. Our main results are upper and lower bounds giving a computationally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-05-19 Moritz Hardt , Eric Price

This paper considers the problem of networks reconstruction from heterogeneous data using a Gaussian Graphical Mixture Model (GGMM). It is well known that parameter estimation in this context is challenging due to large numbers of variables…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-10-08 Anani Lotsi , Ernst Wit

The multivariate generalized Gaussian distribution (MGGD), also known as the multivariate exponential power (MEP) distribution, is widely used in signal and image processing. However, estimating MGGD parameters, which is required in…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-12-13 Nora Ouzir , Frédéric Pascal , Jean-Christophe Pesquet

A principled framework to generalize variational perturbation approximations (VPA's) formulated within the ambit of the nonadditive statistics of Tsallis statistics, is introduced. This is accomplished by operating on the terms constituting…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-14 R. C. Venkatesan , A. Plastino

Mixtures of Gaussian process experts is a class of models that can simultaneously address two of the key limitations inherent in standard Gaussian processes: scalability and predictive performance. In particular, models that use Dirichlet…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-05-09 Yuji Saikai , Khue-Dung Dang

Optimum parameter estimation methods require knowledge of a parametric probability density that statistically describes the available observations. In this work we examine Bayesian and non-Bayesian parameter estimation problems under a…

Applications · Statistics 2022-02-01 George V. Moustakides

Statistical models are central to machine learning with broad applicability across a range of downstream tasks. The models are controlled by free parameters that are typically estimated from data by maximum-likelihood estimation or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Vaidotas Simkus , Benjamin Rhodes , Michael U. Gutmann

We consider Bayesian inference problems with computationally intensive likelihood functions. We propose a Gaussian process (GP) based method to approximate the joint distribution of the unknown parameters and the data. In particular, we…

Computation · Statistics 2018-03-15 Hongqiao Wang , Jinglai Li

Mechanistic simulation models are inverted against observations in order to gain inference on modeled processes. However, with the increasing ability to collect high resolution observations, these observations represent more patterns of…

Computation · Statistics 2018-12-20 Thomas Wutzler

The article addresses a long-standing open problem on the justification of using variational Bayes methods for parameter estimation. We provide general conditions for obtaining optimal risk bounds for point estimates acquired from…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-12-27 Debdeep Pati , Anirban Bhattacharya , Yun Yang

We investigate the problem of center estimation in the high dimensional binary sub-Gaussian Mixture Model with Hidden Markov structure on the labels. We first study the limitations of existing results in the high dimensional setting and…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-06-19 Vahe Karagulyan , Mohamed Ndaoud

Mixtures-of-Experts models and their maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) via the EM algorithm have been thoroughly studied in the statistics and machine learning literature. They are subject of a growing investigation in the context of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-09-13 Faïcel Chamroukhi , Florian Lecocq , Hien D. Nguyen

We take a new look at parameter estimation for Gaussian Mixture Models (GMMs). In particular, we propose using \emph{Riemannian manifold optimization} as a powerful counterpart to Expectation Maximization (EM). An out-of-the-box invocation…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-06-26 Reshad Hosseini , Suvrit Sra

Generalized linear models (GLMs) are fundamental tools for statistical modeling, with maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) serving as the classical approach for parameter inference. While MLE performs well for canonical GLMs, it can become…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-03 Linglingzhi Zhu , Jonghyeok Lee , Yao Xie

Differential Equation (DE) is a commonly used modeling method in various scientific subjects such as finance and biology. The parameters in DE models often have interesting scientific interpretations, but their values are often unknown and…

Computation · Statistics 2020-11-24 Ying Zhou , Hongqiao Wang