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Functional connectivity of cognitive tasks allows researchers to analyse the interaction mapping occurring between different regions of the brain using electroencephalography (EEG) signals. Standard practice in functional connectivity…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-07-23 Saugat Bhattacharyya , Mitsuhiro Hayashibe

Current pain assessment within hospitals often relies on self-reporting or non-specific EKG vital signs. This system leaves critically ill, sedated, and cognitively impaired patients vulnerable to undertreated pain and opioid overuse.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Aavid Mathrawala , Dhruv Kurup , Josie Lau

Purpose: Access to electroencephalography (EEG) remains limited across low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) due to cost, infrastructure requirements, and a shortage of trained staff. This study evaluated the feasibility and clinical…

Simultaneously recorded electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can be used to non-invasively measure the spatiotemporal dynamics of the human brain. One challenge is dealing with the artifacts that…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2017-07-26 Josef Faller , Linbi Hong , Jennifer Cummings , Paul Sajda

In this article we present the results of our research related to the study of correlations between specific visual stimulation and the elicited brain's electro-physiological response collected by EEG sensors from a group of participants.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-08-04 Iaroslav Omelianenko

Robotic arms are increasingly being used in collaborative environments, requiring an accurate understanding of human intentions to ensure both effectiveness and safety. Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, which measure brain activity,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-20 Byeong-Hoo Lee , Kang Yin

This study aims to enhance BCI applications for individuals with motor impairments by comparing the effectiveness of tripolar EEG (tEEG) with conventional EEG. The focus is on interpreting and decoding various grasping movements, such as…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-12 Ali Rabiee , Sima Ghafoori , Anna Cetera , Maryam Norouzi , Walter Besio , Reza Abiri

Given rising numbers of bilateral cochlear implant (CI) users, predominantly children, there is a clinical need for efficient and reliable tests that can objectively evaluate binaural hearing. These tests are crucial for guiding the setup…

Medical Physics · Physics 2024-08-09 Hongmei Hu , Ben Williges , Deborah Vickers

Background: Topological data analysis (TDA) has exploded as a tool for analyzing and making sense of high dimensional datasets across a variety of fields. Mapper is a tool from TDA that captures low-dimensional structure from…

General Topology · Mathematics 2025-12-04 Brittany Story , Zhibin Zhou , Ramesh Srinivasan , Scott Kerick , David Boothe , Piotr J. Franaszczuk

Objective: The Electroencephalogram (EEG) is gaining popularity as a physiological measure for neuroergonomics in human factor studies because it is objective, less prone to bias, and capable of assessing the dynamics of cognitive states.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Kuan-Jung Chiang , Steven Dong , Chung-Kuan Cheng , Tzyy-Ping Jung

Brain connectivity can be estimated through a wide number of analyses applied to electroencephalographic (EEG) data. However, substantial heterogeneity in the implementation of connectivity methods exist. Heterogeneity in conceptualization…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2021-09-01 Aleksandra Miljevic , Neil W. Bailey , Fidel Vila-Rodriguez , Sally E. Herring , Paul B. Fitzgerald

The use of EEG as a biometrics modality has been investigated for about a decade, however its feasibility in real-world applications is not yet conclusively established, mainly due to the issues with collectability and reproducibility. To…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-09-14 Takashi Nakamura , Valentin Goverdovsky , Danilo P. Mandic

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is a cost-effective, highly accessible and widely employed diagnostic tool. With the advent of Foundation Models (FMs), the field of AI-assisted ECG interpretation has begun to evolve, as they enable model reuse…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Francesca Filice , Edoardo De Rose , Simone Bartucci , Francesco Calimeri , Simona Perri

Electroencephalography (EEG) plays a crucial role in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) and neurological diagnostics, but its real-world deployment faces challenges due to noise artifacts, missing data, and high annotation costs. We introduce…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-24 Meghna Roy Chowdhury , Yi Ding , Shreyas Sen

Accurate and efficient electroencephalography (EEG) analysis is essential for detecting seizures and artifacts in long-term monitoring, with applications spanning hospital diagnostics to wearable health devices. Robust EEG analytics have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Anna Tegon , Thorir Mar Ingolfsson , Xiaying Wang , Luca Benini , Yawei Li

EEG foundation models achieve state-of-the-art clinical performance, yet the internal computations driving their predictions remain opaque: a barrier to clinical trust. We apply TopK Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) across three architecturally…

Electroencephalography (EEG) plays a significant role in the Brain Computer Interface (BCI) domain, due to its non-invasive nature, low cost, and ease of use, making it a highly desirable option for widespread adoption by the general…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-13 Giulio Tosato , Cesare M. Dalbagno , Francesco Fumagalli

Deciphering the intricacies of the human brain has captivated curiosity for centuries. Recent strides in Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) technology, particularly using motor imagery, have restored motor functions such as reaching, grasping,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Hanwen Liu , Daniel Hajialigol , Benny Antony , Aiguo Han , Xuan Wang

Electroencephalography (EEG) interpretation using multimodal large language models (MLLMs) offers a novel approach for analyzing brain signals. However, the complex nature of brain activity introduces critical challenges: EEG signals…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-02 Ziyi Zeng , Zhenyang Cai , Yixi Cai , Xidong Wang , Junying Chen , Rongsheng Wang , Yipeng Liu , Siqi Cai , Benyou Wang , Zhiguo Zhang , Haizhou Li

Electroencephalogram (EEG) data is crucial for diagnosing mental health conditions but is costly and time-consuming to collect at scale. Synthetic data generation offers a promising solution to augment datasets for machine learning…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-08 Gideon Vos , Maryam Ebrahimpour , Liza van Eijk , Zoltan Sarnyai , Mostafa Rahimi Azghadi