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Related papers: Google Scholar is manipulatable

200 papers

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to generate scientific reports, but they can produce references that appear plausible while containing corrupted metadata or pointing to papers that do not exist. We introduce CiteCheck, a…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Khashayar Khajavi , Shaghayegh Sadeghi , Rise Adhikari , Alexander Tessier

In this paper we show that the dramatic increase in the number of research articles indexed in the Web of Science database impacts the commonly observed distributions of citations within these articles. First, we document that the growing…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2017-03-09 Lovro Šubelj , Dalibor Fiala

In the past, several works have investigated ways for combining quantitative and qualitative methods in research assessment exercises. In this work, we aim at introducing a methodology to explore whether citation-based metrics, calculated…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Federica Bologna , Angelo Di Iorio , Silvio Peroni , Francesco Poggi

Online reviews significantly impact consumers' decision-making process and firms' economic outcomes and are widely seen as crucial to the success of online markets. Firms, therefore, have a strong incentive to manipulate ratings using fake…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Sherry He , Brett Hollenbeck , Gijs Overgoor , Davide Proserpio , Ali Tosyali

How to quantify the impact of a researcher's or an institution's body of work is a matter of increasing importance to scientists, funding agencies, and hiring committees. The use of bibliometric indicators, such as the h-index or the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-02-17 João A. G. Moreira , Xiao Han T. Zeng , Luís A. Nunes Amaral

Metrics derived from Twitter and other social media---often referred to as altmetrics---are increasingly used to estimate the broader social impacts of scholarship. Such efforts, however, may produce highly misleading results, as the…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2017-04-17 Qing Ke , Yong-Yeol Ahn , Cassidy R. Sugimoto

The publication process both determines which research receives the most attention, and influences the supply of research through its impact on researchers' private incentives. We introduce a framework to study optimal publication decisions…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-09-25 Ravi Jagadeesan , Davide Viviano

This paper presents a test of the validity of using Google Scholar to evaluate the publications of researchers by comparing the premises on which its search engine, PageRank, is based, to those of Garfield's theory of citation indexing. It…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2013-12-16 Stephen J. Bensman

Data sharing by researchers is a centerpiece of Open Science principles and scientific progress. For a sample of 6019 researchers, we analyze the extent/frequency of their data sharing. Specifically, the relationship with the following four…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2021-01-15 Pablo Dorta-González , Sara M. González-Betancor , María Isabel Dorta-González

Citation metrics serve as the cornerstone of scholarly impact evaluation despite their well-documented vulnerability to inflation through self-citation practices. This paper introduces the Self-Citation Adjusted Index (SCAI), a…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Rahul Vishwakarma , Sinchan Banerjee

Fact-checking-specific search tools such as Google Fact Check are a promising way to combat misinformation on social media, especially during events bringing significant social influence, such as the COVID-19 pandemic and the U.S.…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Qiangeng Yang , Tess Christensen , Shlok Gilda , Juliana Fernandes , Daniela Oliveira , Ronald Wilson , Damon Woodard

We study relationship between peer assessment of quality of U.S. Computer Science (CS) doctoral programs and objective measures of research strength of those programs. In Fall 2016 we collected Google Scholar citation data for 4,352…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2017-08-21 Slobodan Vucetic , Ashis Kumar Chanda , Shanshan Zhang , Tian Bai , Aniruddha Maiti

In this paper, the scientometric evaluation of faculty members of 50 Greek Science and Engineering University Departments is presented. 1978 academics were examined in total. The number of papers, citations, h-index and i10-index have been…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2018-06-05 Marina Pitsolanti , Fotini Papadopoulou , Nikolaos Tselios

Like it or not, attempts to evaluate and monitor the quality of academic research have become increasingly prevalent worldwide. Performance reviews range from at the level of individuals, through research groups and departments, to entire…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-03-31 R. Kenna , O. Mryglod , B. Berche

As with articles and journals, the customary methods for measuring books' academic impact mainly involve citations, which is easy but limited to interrogating traditional citation databases and scholarly book reviews, Researchers have…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2016-03-31 Qingqing Zhou , Chengzhi Zhang , Star X. Zhao , Bikun Chen

How much is the h-index of an editor of a well ranked journal improved due to citations which occur after his or her appointment? Scientific recognition within academia is widely measured nowadays by the number of citations or h-index. Our…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2017-08-25 Claudiu Herteliu , Marcel Ausloos , Bogdan Vasile Ileanu , Giulia Rotundo , Tudorel Andrei

As science advances, the academic community has published millions of research papers. Researchers devote time and effort to search relevant manuscripts when writing a paper or simply to keep up with current research. In this paper, we…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-01-01 Haofeng Jia , Erik Saule

User feedback is one of the most effective methods to build and maintain trust in electronic commerce platforms. Unfortunately, dishonest sellers often bend over backward to manipulate users' feedback or place phony bids in order to…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-04-22 Michael Fire , Rami Puzis , Dima Kagan , Yuval Elovici

The use of citation counts to assess the impact of research articles is well established. However, the citation impact of an article can only be measured several years after it has been published. As research articles are increasingly…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Tim Brody , Stevan Harnad

Academic publishers claim that they add value to scholarly communications by coordinating reviews and contributing and enhancing text during publication. These contributions come at a considerable cost: U.S. academic libraries paid $1.7…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2016-04-20 Martin Klein , Peter Broadwell , Sharon E. Farb , Todd Grappone
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