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Face anti-spoofing (FAS) is crucial for protecting facial recognition systems from presentation attacks. Previous methods approached this task as a classification problem, lacking interpretability and reasoning behind the predicted results.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Hongyang Wang , Yichen Shi , Zhuofu Tao , Yuhao Gao , Liepiao Zhang , Xun Lin , Jun Feng , Xiaochen Yuan , Zitong Yu , Xiaochun Cao

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable performance across diverse vision-and-language tasks. However, their potential in face recognition remains underexplored. In particular, the performance of open-source MLLMs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Hatef Otroshi Shahreza , Sébastien Marcel

Although multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have achieved promising results on a wide range of vision-language tasks, their ability to perceive and understand human faces is rarely explored. In this work, we comprehensively evaluate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Haomiao Sun , Mingjie He , Tianheng Lian , Hu Han , Shiguang Shan

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have recently demonstrated strong performance on a wide range of vision-language tasks, raising interest in their potential use for biometric applications. In this paper, we conduct a systematic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Hatef Otroshi Shahreza , Anjith George , Sébastien Marcel

Face Anti-Spoofing (FAS) typically depends on a single visual modality when defending against presentation attacks such as print attacks, screen replays, and 3D masks, resulting in limited generalization across devices, environments, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Honglu Zhang , Zhiqin Fang , Ningning Zhao , Saihui Hou , Long Ma , Renwang Pei , Zhaofeng He

Reliable face forgery detection algorithms are crucial for countering the growing threat of deepfake-driven disinformation. Previous research has demonstrated the potential of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) in identifying…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Siran Peng , Zipei Wang , Li Gao , Xiangyu Zhu , Tianshuo Zhang , Ajian Liu , Haoyuan Zhang , Zhen Lei

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable performance in vision-language tasks. However, existing MLLMs are primarily trained on generic datasets, limiting their ability to reason on domain-specific visual cues such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Hatef Otroshi Shahreza , Sébastien Marcel

The advent of foundation models, particularly Vision-Language Models (VLMs) and Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs), has redefined the frontiers of artificial intelligence, enabling remarkable generalization across diverse tasks with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Redwan Sony , Parisa Farmanifard , Hamzeh Alzwairy , Nitish Shukla , Arun Ross

Recent advances in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in understanding general visual content. However, these general-domain MLLMs perform poorly in face perception tasks, often producing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Jingzhi Li , Changjiang Luo , Ruoyu Chen , Hua Zhang , Wenqi Ren , Jianhou Gan , Xiaochun Cao

Multimodal large language models have unlocked new possibilities for various multimodal tasks. However, their potential in image manipulation detection remains unexplored. When directly applied to the IMD task, M-LLMs often produce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Zhihao Sun , Haoran Jiang , Haoran Chen , Yixin Cao , Xipeng Qiu , Zuxuan Wu , Yu-Gang Jiang

Detecting deception in an increasingly digital world is both a critical and challenging task. In this study, we present a comprehensive evaluation of the automated deception detection capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) and Large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Md Messal Monem Miah , Adrita Anika , Xi Shi , Ruihong Huang

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) unlock powerful multimodal reasoning but also expand the attack surface, particularly through adversarial inputs that conceal harmful goals in benign prompts. We propose SHIELD, a lightweight,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Juan Ren , Mark Dras , Usman Naseem

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) excel in diverse cross-modal tasks. However, object hallucination, where models produce plausible but inaccurate object descriptions, remains a significant challenge. In contrast to previous work…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Yiyang Huang , Liang Shi , Yitian Zhang , Yi Xu , Yun Fu

Face morphing attacks threaten biometric verification, yet most morphing attack detection (MAD) systems require task-specific training and generalize poorly to unseen attack types. Meanwhile, open-source multimodal large language models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Marija Ivanovska , Vitomir Štruc

Despite their advanced reasoning capabilities, state-of-the-art Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) demonstrably lack a core component of human intelligence: the ability to `read the room' and assess deception in complex social…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Caixin Kang , Yifei Huang , Liangyang Ouyang , Mingfang Zhang , Ruicong Liu , Yoichi Sato

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) demonstrate impressive problem-solving abilities across a wide range of tasks and domains. However, their capacity for face understanding has not been systematically studied. To address this gap, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Kartik Narayan , Vibashan VS , Vishal M. Patel

Face Anti-Spoofing (FAS) is essential for ensuring the security and reliability of facial recognition systems. Most existing FAS methods are formulated as binary classification tasks, providing confidence scores without interpretation. They…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Guosheng Zhang , Keyao Wang , Haixiao Yue , Ajian Liu , Gang Zhang , Kun Yao , Errui Ding , Jingdong Wang

While Vision-Language Models (VLMs) and Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown strong generalisation in detecting image and video deepfakes, their use for audio deepfake detection remains largely unexplored. In this work, we…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Akanksha Chuchra , Shukesh Reddy , Sudeepta Mishra , Abhijit Das , Abhinav Dhall

Recent studies have utilized visual large language models (VLMs) to answer not only "Is this face a forgery?" but also "Why is the face a forgery?" These studies introduced forgery-related attributes, such as forgery location and type, to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Tao Chen , Jingyi Zhang , Decheng Liu , Chunlei Peng

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) carry the potential to support humans in processing vast amounts of information. While MLLMs are already being used as a fact-checking tool, their abilities and limitations in this regard are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Jiahui Geng , Yova Kementchedjhieva , Preslav Nakov , Iryna Gurevych
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