Related papers: Retrieve to Explain: Evidence-driven Predictions f…

Drug discovery is a critical task in biomedical natural language processing (NLP), yet explainable drug discovery remains underexplored. Meanwhile, large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable abilities in natural language…

Language enables humans to share knowledge, reason about the world, and pass on strategies for survival and innovation across generations. At the heart of this process is not just the ability to communicate but also the remarkable…

Background. Reproducibility is essential to the scientific method, but reproduction is often a laborious task. Recent works have attempted to automate this process and relieve researchers of this workload. However, due to varying…

Information Extraction (IE) aims to extract structural knowledge (e.g., entities, relations, events) from natural language texts, which brings challenges to existing methods due to task-specific schemas and complex text expressions. Code,…

We study the problem of extracting N-ary relation tuples from scientific articles. This task is challenging because the target knowledge tuples can reside in multiple parts and modalities of the document. Our proposed method ReSel…

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) achieve state-of-the-art performance in high-stakes domains like healthcare, yet their reasoning remains opaque. Current interpretability methods, such as attention mechanisms or post-hoc saliency, often fail…

While deep reasoning with long chain-of-thought has dramatically improved large language models in verifiable domains like mathematics, its effectiveness for open-ended tasks such as writing remains unexplored. In this paper, we conduct a…

We propose an explainable probabilistic framework for characterizing spoofed speech by decomposing it into probabilistic attribute embeddings. Unlike raw high-dimensional countermeasure embeddings, which lack interpretability, the proposed…

Large language models are increasingly capable at closed-world mathematical reasoning, but research assistance also requires source-grounded use of the literature. When a proof reaches a non-trivial step, a useful assistant should determine…

Older adults commonly experience chronic conditions such as pain and sleep disturbances and may consider cannabidiol for symptom management. Safe use requires appropriate dosing, careful titration, and awareness of drug interactions, yet…

Large Language Models (LLMs) struggle with accuracy, domain-specific reasoning, and interpretability in vertical domains. Traditional preference alignment methods like Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) and Direct Preference…

Evaluating Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems remains a challenging task: existing metrics often collapse heterogeneous behaviors into single scores and provide little insight into whether errors arise from retrieval,reasoning, or…

Explanations shed light on a machine learning model's rationales and can aid in identifying deficiencies in its reasoning process. Explanation generation models are typically trained in a supervised way given human explanations. When such…

Causal inference is central to scientific discovery, yet choosing appropriate methods remains challenging because of the complexity of both statistical methodology and real-world data. Inspired by the success of artificial intelligence in…

The standardization of clinical data elements (CDEs) aims to ensure consistent and comprehensive patient information across various healthcare systems. Existing methods often falter when standardizing CDEs of varying representation and…

Large Language Models (LLMs) enhanced with retrieval -- commonly referred to as Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) -- have demonstrated strong performance in knowledge-intensive tasks. However, RAG pipelines often fail when retrieved…

To better support retrieval applications such as web search and question answering, growing effort is made to develop retrieval-oriented language models. Most of the existing works focus on improving the semantic representation capability…

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have found success in real-world applications, their underlying explanatory process is still poorly understood. This paper proposes IBE-Eval, a framework inspired by philosophical accounts on Inference to…

Multimodal manipulation detection aims to simultaneously identify forged image--text pairs and localize tampered regions, yet existing methods typically rely on memorizing isolated artifacts and struggle with imperceptible manipulation…

Open-domain question answering remains a challenging task as it requires models that are capable of understanding questions and answers, collecting useful information, and reasoning over evidence. Previous work typically formulates this…