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Solving inverse problems -- recovering signals from incomplete or noisy measurements -- is fundamental in science and engineering. Score-based generative models (SGMs) have recently emerged as a powerful framework for this task. Two main…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Bartlomiej Sobieski , Matthew Tivnan , Yuang Wang , Siyeop Yoon , Pengfei Jin , Dufan Wu , Quanzheng Li , Przemyslaw Biecek

This paper introduces an open-source framework, Video2EEG-SPGN-Diffusion, that leverages the SEED-VD dataset to generate a multimodal dataset of EEG signals conditioned on video stimuli. Additionally, we disclose an engineering pipeline for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Yunfei Guo , Tao Zhang , Wu Huang , Yao Song

Diffusion models are powerful generative models that simulate the reverse of diffusion processes using score functions to synthesize data from noise. The sampling process of diffusion models can be interpreted as solving the reverse…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-30 Beomsu Kim , Jong Chul Ye

By generating synthetic biosignals, the quantity and variety of health data can be increased. This is especially useful when training machine learning models by enabling data augmentation and introduction of more physiologically plausible…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Katri Karhinoja , Antti Vasankari , Jukka-Pekka Sirkiä , Antti Airola , David Wong , Matti Kaisti

Diffusion models are powerful generative models that map noise to data using stochastic processes. However, for many applications such as image editing, the model input comes from a distribution that is not random noise. As such, diffusion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Linqi Zhou , Aaron Lou , Samar Khanna , Stefano Ermon

Denoising diffusion models have emerged as a powerful tool for various image generation and editing tasks, facilitating the synthesis of visual content in an unconditional or input-conditional manner. The core idea behind them is learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Yi Huang , Jiancheng Huang , Yifan Liu , Mingfu Yan , Jiaxi Lv , Jianzhuang Liu , Wei Xiong , He Zhang , Liangliang Cao , Shifeng Chen

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a generally used neuroimaging approach in brain-computer interfaces due to its non-invasive characteristics and convenience, making it an effective tool for understanding human intentions. Therefore, recent…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-19 Sung-Jin Kim , Dae-Hyeok Lee , Hyeon-Taek Han

Mendelian randomization (MR) is a widely used tool for causal inference in the presence of unmeasured confounders, which uses single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables to estimate causal effects. However, SNPs often…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-29 Ruoyu Wang , Haoyu Zhang , Xihong Lin

Objective. In this article, we present data and methods for decoding speech articulations using surface electromyogram (EMG) signals. EMG-based speech neuroprostheses offer a promising approach for restoring audible speech in individuals…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Harshavardhana T. Gowda , Zachary D. McNaughton , Lee M. Miller

Surface electromyography (sEMG) is a promising control signal for assist-as-needed hand rehabilitation after stroke, but detecting intent from paretic muscles often requires lengthy, subject-specific calibration and remains brittle to…

Electromyography-to-Speech (ETS) conversion has demonstrated its potential for silent speech interfaces by generating audible speech from Electromyography (EMG) signals during silent articulations. ETS models usually consist of an EMG…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Zhao Ren , Kevin Scheck , Qinhan Hou , Stefano van Gogh , Michael Wand , Tanja Schultz

Score-based generative modelling (SGM) has proven to be a very effective method for modelling densities on finite-dimensional spaces. In this work we propose to extend this methodology to learn generative models over functional spaces. To…

Denoising diffusion models (DDMs) offer a flexible framework for sampling from high dimensional data distributions. DDMs generate a path of probability distributions interpolating between a reference Gaussian distribution and a data…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-12 Christopher Williams , Andrew Campbell , Arnaud Doucet , Saifuddin Syed

Electroencephalography (EEG) denoising methods typically depend on manual intervention or clean reference signals. This work introduces a task-oriented learning framework for automatic EEG denoising that uses only task labels without clean…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-12 Tian-Yu Xiang , Zheng Lei , Xiao-Hu Zhou , Xiao-Liang Xie , Shi-Qi Liu , Mei-Jiang Gui , Hong-Yun Ou , Xin-Zheng Huang , Xin-Yi Fu , Zeng-Guang Hou

Upper limb based neuromuscular interfaces aim to provide a seamless way for humans to interact with technology. Among noninvasive interfaces, surface electromyogram (EMG) signals hold significant promise. However, their sensitivity to…

Semantic image synthesis (SIS) is a task to generate realistic images corresponding to semantic maps (labels). However, in real-world applications, SIS often encounters noisy user inputs. To address this, we propose Stochastic Conditional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Juyeon Ko , Inho Kong , Dogyun Park , Hyunwoo J. Kim

Diffusion models (DM) can gradually learn to remove noise, which have been widely used in artificial intelligence generated content (AIGC) in recent years. The property of DM for eliminating noise leads us to wonder whether DM can be…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Tong Wu , Zhiyong Chen , Dazhi He , Liang Qian , Yin Xu , Meixia Tao , Wenjun Zhang

Spatio-temporal signals arising from event-driven biological processes, such as surface electromyography (sEMG), exhibit asynchronous and highly structured activation patterns that are challenging to model using conventional discrete or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Magnus Bengtsson

Diffusion models achieve remarkable generation quality, yet face a fundamental challenge known as memorization, where generated samples can replicate training samples exactly. We develop a theoretical framework to explain this phenomenon by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Xinyu Zhou , Jiawei Zhang , Stephen J. Wright

Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals play a pivotal role in clinical medicine, brain research, and neurological disease studies. However, susceptibility to various physiological and environmental artifacts introduces noise in recorded EEG…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-24 Bin Wang , Fei Deng , Peifan Jiang