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The recent Natural Language Processing techniques have been refreshing the state-of-the-art performance at an incredible speed. Training huge language models is therefore an imperative demand in both industry and academy. However, huge…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Zhengda Bian , Qifan Xu , Boxiang Wang , Yang You

Tensor parallelism is an essential technique for distributed training of large neural networks. However, automatically determining an optimal tensor parallel strategy is challenging due to the gigantic search space, which grows…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Ziji Shi , Le Jiang , Ang Wang , Jie Zhang , Chencan Wu , Yong Li , Xiaokui Xiao , Wei Lin , Jialin Li

Training large deep learning models requires parallelization techniques to scale. In existing methods such as Data Parallelism or ZeRO-DP, micro-batches of data are processed in parallel, which creates two drawbacks: the total memory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Louis Fournier , Edouard Oyallon

Scaling long-context capabilities is crucial for Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). However, real-world multimodal datasets are extremely heterogeneous. Existing training frameworks predominantly rely on static parallelism…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Yifan Niu , Han Xiao , Dongyi Liu , Wei Zhou , Jia Li

We present a new parallel algorithm for probabilistic graphical model optimization. The algorithm relies on data-parallel primitives (DPPs), which provide portable performance over hardware architecture. We evaluate results on CPUs and GPUs…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-09-14 Brenton Lessley , Talita Perciano , Colleen Heinemann , David Camp , Hank Childs , E. Wes Bethel

Deep neural networks (DNNs) continue to grow rapidly in size, making them infeasible to train on a single device. Pipeline parallelism is commonly used in existing DNN systems to support large-scale DNN training by partitioning a DNN into…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Byungsoo Jeon , Mengdi Wu , Shiyi Cao , Sunghyun Kim , Sunghyun Park , Neeraj Aggarwal , Colin Unger , Daiyaan Arfeen , Peiyuan Liao , Xupeng Miao , Mohammad Alizadeh , Gregory R. Ganger , Tianqi Chen , Zhihao Jia

Tensor decomposition (TD) is an important method for extracting latent information from high-dimensional (multi-modal) sparse data. This study presents a novel framework for accelerating fundamental TD operations on massively parallel GPU…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-06-29 Andy Nguyen , Ahmed E. Helal , Fabio Checconi , Jan Laukemann , Jesmin Jahan Tithi , Yongseok Soh , Teresa Ranadive , Fabrizio Petrini , Jee W. Choi

Pipeline Parallelism (PP) serves as a crucial technique for training Large Language Models (LLMs), owing to its capability to alleviate memory pressure from model states with relatively low communication overhead. However, in long-context…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Zhouyang Li , Yuliang Liu , Wei Zhang , Tailing Yuan , Bin Chen , Chengru Song , Di Zhang

Huge neural network models have shown unprecedented performance in real-world applications. However, due to memory constraints, model parallelism must be utilized to host large models that would otherwise not fit into the memory of a single…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Qifan Xu , Shenggui Li , Chaoyu Gong , Yang You

A good parallelization strategy can significantly improve the efficiency or reduce the cost for the distributed training of deep neural networks (DNNs). Recently, several methods have been proposed to find efficient parallelization…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-01-12 Zhenkun Cai , Kaihao Ma , Xiao Yan , Yidi Wu , Yuzhen Huang , James Cheng , Teng Su , Fan Yu

The increasing complexity of deep learning recommendation models (DLRM) has led to a growing need for large-scale distributed systems that can efficiently train vast amounts of data. In DLRM, the sparse embedding table is a crucial…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Xin Zhang , Quanyu Zhu , Liangbei Xu , Zain Huda , Wang Zhou , Jin Fang , Dennis van der Staay , Yuxi Hu , Jade Nie , Jiyan Yang , Chunzhi Yang

The rapid escalation in the parameter count of large language models (LLMs) has transformed model training from a single-node endeavor into a highly intricate, cross-node activity. While frameworks such as Megatron-LM successfully integrate…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Bohan Zhao , Guang Yang , Shuo Chen , Ruitao Liu , Tingrui Zhang , Yongchao He , Wei Xu

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) remains resource-intensive due to their sheer scale. While zeroth-order (ZO) optimization provides a memory-efficient alternative by eliminating backward passes, its application to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Liangyu Wang , Huanyi Xie , Di Wang

Pipeline parallelism (PP) when training neural networks enables larger models to be partitioned spatially, leading to both lower network communication and overall higher hardware utilization. Unfortunately, to preserve the statistical…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Bowen Yang , Jian Zhang , Jonathan Li , Christopher Ré , Christopher R. Aberger , Christopher De Sa

We present JaxPP, a system for efficiently scaling the training of large deep learning models with flexible pipeline parallelism. We introduce a seamless programming model that allows implementing user-defined pipeline schedules for…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Anxhelo Xhebraj , Sean Lee , Hanfeng Chen , Vinod Grover

It is a challenging task to train large DNN models on sophisticated GPU platforms with diversified interconnect capabilities. Recently, pipelined training has been proposed as an effective approach for improving device utilization. However,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-07-03 Shiqing Fan , Yi Rong , Chen Meng , Zongyan Cao , Siyu Wang , Zhen Zheng , Chuan Wu , Guoping Long , Jun Yang , Lixue Xia , Lansong Diao , Xiaoyong Liu , Wei Lin

AI accelerator processing capabilities and memory constraints largely dictate the scale in which machine learning workloads (e.g., training and inference) can be executed within a desirable time frame. Training a state of the art,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Michael Benington , Leo Phan , Chris Pierre Paul , Evan Shoemaker , Priyanka Ranade , Torstein Collett , Grant Hodgson Perez , Christopher Krieger

Training deep learning models is a repetitive and resource-intensive process. Data scientists often train several models before landing on a set of parameters (e.g., hyper-parameter tuning) and model architecture (e.g., neural architecture…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Ties Robroek , Neil Kim Nielsen , Pınar Tözün

With the rapid expansion in the scale of large language models (LLMs), enabling efficient distributed inference across multiple computing units has become increasingly critical. However, communication overheads from popular distributed…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Han-Byul Kim , Duc Hoang , Arnav Kundu , Mohammad Samragh , Minsik Cho

Large-scale model training has been a playing ground for a limited few requiring complex model refactoring and access to prohibitively expensive GPU clusters. ZeRO-Offload changes the large model training landscape by making large model…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Jie Ren , Samyam Rajbhandari , Reza Yazdani Aminabadi , Olatunji Ruwase , Shuangyan Yang , Minjia Zhang , Dong Li , Yuxiong He