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Fuzzing is one of the prevailing methods for vulnerability detection. However, even state-of-the-art fuzzing methods become ineffective after some period of time, i.e., the coverage hardly improves as existing methods are ineffective to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Shunkai Zhu , Jingyi Wang , Jun Sun , Jie Yang , Xingwei Lin , Liyi Zhang , Peng Cheng

In recent years, fuzzing has been widely applied not only to application software but also to system software, including the Linux kernel and firmware, and has become a powerful technique for vulnerability discovery. Among these approaches,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Masami Ichikawa

Formal methods use SMT solvers extensively for deciding formula satisfiability, for instance, in software verification, systematic test generation, and program synthesis. However, due to their complex implementations, solvers may contain…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-04-14 Muhammad Numair Mansur , Maria Christakis , Valentin Wüstholz , Fuyuan Zhang

Fuzzing is an important method to discover vulnerabilities in programs. Despite considerable progress in this area in the past years, measuring and comparing the effectiveness of fuzzers is still an open research question. In software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-07-26 Philipp Görz , Björn Mathis , Keno Hassler , Emre Güler , Thorsten Holz , Andreas Zeller , Rahul Gopinath

Since the advent of AFL, the use of mutational, feedback directed, grey-box fuzzers has become critical in the automated detection of security vulnerabilities. A great deal of research currently goes into their optimisation, including…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Daniel Blackwell , David Clark

Gray-box fuzzing is widely used for testing embedded systems (ESes). State-of-the-art (SOTA) gray-box fuzzers test ES firmware in fully emulated environments without real peripherals. They emulate missing peripherals to achieve decent code…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Wei-Lun Huang , Kang G. Shin

Vulnerabilities in open-source operating systems (OSs) pose substantial security risks to software systems, making their detection crucial. While fuzzing has been an effective vulnerability detection technique in various domains, OS fuzzing…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Kun Hu , Qicai Chen , Wenzhuo Zhang , Zilong Lu , Bihuan Chen , You Lu , Haowen Jiang , Bingkun Sun , Xin Peng , Wenyun Zhao

Taint-style vulnerabilities comprise a majority of fuzzer discovered program faults. These vulnerabilities usually manifest as memory access violations caused by tainted program input. Although fuzzers have helped uncover a majority of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-06-02 Bhargava Shastry , Federico Maggi , Fabian Yamaguchi , Konrad Rieck , Jean-Pierre Seifert

In the past few years, several attacks against the vulnerabilities of EOSIO smart contracts have caused severe financial losses to this prevalent blockchain platform. As a lightweight test-generation approach, grey-box fuzzing can open up…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Jianfei Zhou , Tianxing Jiang , Shuwei Song , Ting Chen

Grey box fuzzing is one of the most successful methods for automatic vulnerability detection. However,conventional Grey box Fuzzers like AFL can open perform fuzzing against the whole input and spend more time on smaller seeds with lower…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Linlin Zhang , Ning Luo

Side channels pose a significant threat to the confidentiality of software systems. Such vulnerabilities are challenging to detect and evaluate because they arise from non-functional properties of software such as execution times and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-09 Yannic Noller , Saeid Tizpaz-Niari

Softwarization and virtualization in 5G and beyond necessitate thorough testing to ensure the security of critical infrastructure and networks, requiring the identification of vulnerabilities and unintended emergent behaviors from protocol…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-24 Jingda Yang , Sudhanshu Arya , Ying Wang

A code-level backdoor is a hidden access, programmed and concealed within the code of a program. For instance, hard-coded credentials planted in the code of a file server application would enable maliciously logging into all deployed…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Dimitri Kokkonis , Michaël Marcozzi , Emilien Decoux , Stefano Zacchiroli

Fuzzing is a widely used technique for detecting vulnerabilities in smart contracts, which generates transaction sequences to explore the execution paths of smart contracts. However, existing fuzzers are falling short in detecting…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Jie Chen , Liangmin Wang

Zero-knowledge (ZK) protocols have recently found numerous practical applications, such as in authentication, online-voting, and blockchain systems. These protocols are powered by highly complex pipelines that process deterministic…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Christoph Hochrainer , Anastasia Isychev , Valentin Wüstholz , Maria Christakis

Ever-increasing design complexity of System-on-Chips (SoCs) led to significant verification challenges. Unlike software, bugs in hardware design are vigorous and eternal i.e., once the hardware is fabricated, it cannot be repaired with any…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Deepak Narayan Gadde , Aman Kumar , Djones Lettnin , Sebastian Simon

Developers utilize third-party libraries to improve productivity, which also introduces potential security risks. Existing approaches generate tests for public functions to trigger library vulnerabilities from client programs, yet they…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Yukai Zhao , Menghan Wu , Xing Hu , Shaohua Wang , Meng Luo , Xin Xia

Fuzzing is a widely used technique for detecting software bugs and vulnerabilities. Most popular fuzzers generate new inputs using an evolutionary search to maximize code coverage. Essentially, these fuzzers start with a set of seed inputs,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-09-14 Dongdong She , Rahul Krishna , Lu Yan , Suman Jana , Baishakhi Ray

Coverage-guided fuzzing has been widely applied to address zero-day vulnerabilities in general-purpose software and operating systems. This approach relies on instrumenting the target code at compile time. However, applying it to industrial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Carmine Cesarano , Roberto Natella

Timing-based side or covert channels in processor caches continue to present a threat to computer systems, and they are the key to many of the recent Spectre and Meltdown attacks. Based on improvements to an existing three-step model for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-21 Shuwen Deng , Wenjie Xiong , Jakub Szefer