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We study scaling in fluctuations of the geomagnetic indices (AE, AU, and AL) that provide a measure of magnetospheric activity and of the epsilon parameter which is a measure of the solar wind driver. Generalized structure function (GSF)…

Space Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 B. Hnat , S. C. Chapman , G. Rowlands , N. W. Watkins , M. P. Freeman

Geomagnetic storms drive complex ionospheric responses through coupled electrodynamic and thermospheric processes, yet attributing storm-time TEC perturbations to specific mechanisms remains challenging. We investigate the ionospheric…

Geophysics · Physics 2026-03-17 Pan Xiong , Jianghe Chen , Xuhui Shen , Tong Liu , Angelo De Santis , Sergey Pulinets

The modulation of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) by interplanetary disturbances, manifested as Forbush decreases (FDs), has long been recognized as a signature of coronal mass ejection (CME) passages through the heliosphere. While individual…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-05 Haoyang Li , Zongyuan Ge , Zhaoming Wang

The impact of interplanetary shocks on the magnetosphere can trigger magnetic substorms that intensify auroral electrojet currents. These currents enhance ground magnetic field perturbations (d$B$/d$t$), which in turn generate…

The Disturbance storm time (Dst) index has been widely used as a proxy for the ring current intensity, and therefore as a measure of geomagnetic activity. It is derived by measurements from four ground magnetometers in the geomagnetic…

Space Physics · Physics 2023-05-10 A. Hu , E. Camporeale , B. Swiger

We use the principal component analysis (PCA) to study geomagnetic activity at annual resolution using a network of 26 magnetic stations in 1966-2015, and an extended network of 40 stations in 1980-2015. The first principal component (PC1)…

Space Physics · Physics 2018-08-22 Kalevi Mursula , Lauri Holappa

In this paper an attempt is made to verify the hypothesis on the role of geomagnetic disturbances as a factor determining the intensity of traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs). To improve the statistical validity of the data, we have…

Conditions in the solar wind resulting in magnetic storms on the Earth are a subject of long and intensive investigations. Recently Zhang et al. (2006), published a paper, where they used superposed epoch analyses method to study solar wind…

Space Physics · Physics 2008-09-06 Yu. I. Yermolaev , M. Yu. Yermolaev , I. G. Lodkina

Statistical analysis of Dst behaviour during recovery phase of magnetic storms induced by different types of interplanetary drivers is made on the basis of OMNI data in period 1976-2000. We study storms induced by ICMEs (including magnetic…

Space Physics · Physics 2012-11-20 Yu. I. Yermolaev , I. G. Lodkina , N. S. Nikolaeva , M. Yu. Yermolaev

In this paper, we analyze the probability density function (PDF) of solar wind velocity and proton density, based on generalized thermostatistics (GT) approach, comparing theoretical results with observational data. The time series analyzed…

Improving predictions of the geomagnetic impact of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) requires understanding how solar source properties relate to in-situ measurements at Earth. However, major geomagnetic storms frequently arise from interacting…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-09 Rui Wang , Huidong Hu , Xiaowei Zhao , Chong Chen , Suli Ma , Zhongwei Yang , Lei Lu , Li Feng , Wenshuai Cheng , Chong Huang , Quan Wang , Xiaoshuai Zhu , Bei Zhu , Yiming Jiao

Predicting geomagnetic conditions based on in-situ solar wind observations allows us to evade disasters caused by large electromagnetic disturbances originating from the Sun to save lives and protect economic activity. In this study, we…

Space Physics · Physics 2022-10-12 Ryozo Kitajima , Motoharu Nowada , Ryotaro Kamimura

The review presents analysis and physical interpretation of available statistical data about solar wind plasma and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) properties as measured in-situ at 1 A.U. by numerous space experiments during time period…

Space Physics · Physics 2013-01-15 A. V. Dmitriev , A. V. Suvorova , I. S. Veselovsky

Interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) can reach the Earth's magnetosphere causing magnetic disturbances. It can be measured by satellite and ground-based magnetometers. Data from the ACE satellite and from the geomagnetic field was…

We compare dependences between the storm development rate $|Dst_{min}|/\Delta T$ ($\Delta T$ is the durations of main phase) and the duration of recovery phase of magnetic storms generated by three various types of interplanetary drivers:…

Space Physics · Physics 2015-07-23 Yuri I. Yermolaev

The effect of the main phase of two intense geomagnetic storm events which occurred on August 5 - 6 and September 26 - 27, 2011 on the equatorial ionosphere have been investigated using Global Positioning System (GPS) data obtained from an…

Space Physics · Physics 2019-10-25 Ayomide Olabode , Emmanuel Ariyibi

Using the geomagnetic storm of July 15, 2000 as an example, we investigated the dependence of GPS navigation system performance on the nightside at mid-latitudes on the level of geomagnetic disturbance. The investigation was based on the…

The geo-effectiveness of Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) is a critical area of study in space weather, particularly in the lesser-explored domain of CME-CME interactions and their geomagnetic consequences. This study leverages the SWASTi…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-01 Prateek Mayank , Stefan Lotz , Bhargav Vaidya , Wageesh Mishra , D. Chakrabarty

The average geomagnetic activity during sunspot minimum has been continuously decreasing in the last four cycles. The geomagnetic activity is caused by both interplanetary disturbances - coronal mass ejections and high speed solar wind…

Space Physics · Physics 2016-01-20 Boian Kirov , Simeon Asenovski , Katya Georgieva , Vladimir Obridko

We present a scalable machine learning framework for analyzing Parker Solar Probe (PSP) solar wind data using distributed processing and the quantum-inspired Kernel Density Matrices (KDM) method. The PSP dataset (2018--2024) exceeds 150 GB,…