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We establish two theorems for assessing the accuracy in total variation of multivariate discrete normal approximation to the distribution of an integer valued random vector $W$. The first is for sums of random vectors whose dependence…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-07-19 A. D. Barbour , A. Xia

In any realistic particle physics model of inflation, the inflaton can be expected to couple to other fields. We consider a model with a dilaton-like coupling between a U(1) gauge field and a scalar inflaton. We show that this coupling can…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-05-30 Neil Barnaby , Ryo Namba , Marco Peloso

Causal discovery from data affected by unobserved variables is an important but difficult problem to solve. The effects that unobserved variables have on the relationships between observed variables are more complex in nonlinear cases than…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Takashi Nicholas Maeda , Shohei Shimizu

Many statistical applications require the quantification of joint dependence among more than two random vectors. In this work, we generalize the notion of distance covariance to quantify joint dependence among d >= 2 random vectors. We…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-06-18 Shubhadeep Chakraborty , Xianyang Zhang

We examine asymptotic properties of the OLS estimator when the values of the regressor of interest are assigned randomly and independently of other regressors. We find that the OLS variance formula in this case is often simplified,…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-03-21 Denis Chetverikov , Jinyong Hahn , Zhipeng Liao , Andres Santos

We review recent advances on the record statistics of strongly correlated time series, whose entries denote the positions of a random walk or a L\'evy flight on a line. After a brief survey of the theory of records for independent and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-07-21 Claude Godreche , Satya N. Majumdar , Gregory Schehr

Accurate modelling of the joint extremal dependence structure within a stationary time series is a challenging problem that is important in many applications.\ Several previous approaches to this problem are only applicable to certain types…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-03-09 Graeme Auld , Ioannis Papastathopoulos

Count data with high frequencies of zeros are found in many areas, specially in biology. Statistical models to analyze such data started to be developed in the 80s and are still a topic of active research. Such models usually assume a…

Applications · Statistics 2018-10-08 Gustavo Thomas , Luiz R. Nakamura , Rafael A. Moral , Clarice G. B. Demétrio

We consider testing marginal independence versus conditional independence in a trivariate Gaussian setting. The two models are non-nested and their intersection is a union of two marginal independences. We consider two sequences of such…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-10-23 F. Richard Guo , Thomas S. Richardson

Causal inference from observational data requires assumptions. These assumptions range from measuring confounders to identifying instruments. Traditionally, causal inference assumptions have focused on estimation of effects for a single…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-03-04 Rajesh Ranganath , Adler Perotte

A restrictive assumption in change point analysis is "stationarity under the null hypothesis of no change-point", which is crucial for asymptotic theory but not very realistic from a practical point of view. For example, if change point…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-02-01 Holger Dette , Weichi Wu , Zhou Zhou

Unlike typical phase transitions of first and second order, a system displaying the Thouless effect exhibits characteristics of both at the critical point (jumps in the order parameter and anomalously large fluctuations). An $extreme$…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-10-03 Mohammadmehdi Ezzatabadipour , Weibin Zhang , Kevin E. Bassler , R. K. P. Zia

The assumption that data samples are independent and identically distributed (iid) is standard in many areas of statistics and machine learning. Nevertheless, in some settings, such as social networks, infectious disease modeling, and…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-02-06 Eli Sherman , Ilya Shpitser

This paper is motivated by relations between association and independence of random variables. It is well-known that for real random variables independence implies association in the sense of Esary, Proschan and Walkup, while for random…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-02-07 Adam Jakubowski , Joanna Karlowska-Pik

Identifying causal relationships is a challenging yet crucial problem in many fields of science like epidemiology, climatology, ecology, genomics, economics and neuroscience, to mention only a few. Recent studies have demonstrated that…

Recognizing, quantifying and visualizing associations between two variables is increasingly important. This paper investigates how a new function-valued measure of dependence, the quantile dependence function, can be used to construct tests…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-04-16 Ćmiel Bogdan , Ledwina Teresa

We propose one way to regularize the fluctuations generated during inflation, whose infrared (IR) corrections diverge logarithmically. In the case of a single field inflation model, recently, we proposed one solution to the IR divergence…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-02-02 Yuko Urakawa , Takahiro Tanaka

Weyl (scale) invariant theories of scalars and gravity can generate all mass scales spontaneously. In this paper we study a particularly simple version -- scale invariant $R^2$ gravity -- and show that, during an inflationary period, it…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-12-18 Pedro G. Ferreira , Christopher T. Hill , Johannes Noller , Graham G. Ross

We consider a binary unsupervised classification problem where each observation is associated with an unobserved label that we want to retrieve. More precisely, we assume that there are two groups of observation: normal and abnormal. The…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2011-05-05 Stevenn Volant , Marie-Laure Martin Magniette , Stéphane Robin

We study the behavior of the random walk in a continuum independent long-range percolation model, in which two given vertices $x$ and $y$ are connected with probability that asymptotically behaves like $|x-y|^{-\alpha}$ with $\alpha>d$,…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-09-30 Ercan Sönmez , Arnaud Rousselle