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With the rapid advancement and increased use of deep learning models in image identification, security becomes a major concern to their deployment in safety-critical systems. Since the accuracy and robustness of deep learning models are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-10 Dvij Kalaria , Aritra Hazra , Partha Pratim Chakrabarti

Variational auto-encoders (VAEs) are an influential and generally-used class of likelihood-based generative models in unsupervised learning. The likelihood-based generative models have been reported to be highly robust to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Xuming Ran , Mingkun Xu , Qi Xu , Huihui Zhou , Quanying Liu

In this paper, we propose $\text{HF}^2$-VAD, a Hybrid framework that integrates Flow reconstruction and Frame prediction seamlessly to handle Video Anomaly Detection. Firstly, we design the network of ML-MemAE-SC (Multi-Level Memory modules…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Zhian Liu , Yongwei Nie , Chengjiang Long , Qing Zhang , Guiqing Li

Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) are well-established as a principled approach to probabilistic unsupervised learning with neural networks. Typically, an encoder network defines the parameters of a Gaussian distributed latent space from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Alan Jeffares , Liyuan Liu

This paper focuses on anomaly detection for multivariate time series data in large-scale fluid handling plants with dynamic components, such as power generation, water treatment, and chemical plants, where signals from various physical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Susumu Naito , Yasunori Taguchi , Kouta Nakata , Yuichi Kato

Due to the limited availability of anomaly examples, video anomaly detection is often seen as one-class classification (OCC) problem. A popular way to tackle this problem is by utilizing an autoencoder (AE) trained only on normal data. At…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-20 Marcella Astrid , Muhammad Zaigham Zaheer , Seung-Ik Lee

Purpose: Handling heterogeneous and mixed data types has become increasingly critical with the exponential growth in real-world databases. While deep generative models attempt to merge diverse data views into a common latent space, they…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Alejandro Guerrero-López , Carlos Sevilla-Salcedo , Vanessa Gómez-Verdejo , Pablo M. Olmos

In this paper, we propose Normality-Calibrated Autoencoder (NCAE), which can boost anomaly detection performance on the contaminated datasets without any prior information or explicit abnormal samples in the training phase. The NCAE…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Jongmin Yu , Hyeontaek Oh , Minkyung Kim , Junsik Kim

In the contrastive analysis (CA) setting, machine learning practitioners are specifically interested in discovering patterns that are enriched in a target dataset as compared to a background dataset generated from sources of variation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-23 Ethan Weinberger , Nicasia Beebe-Wang , Su-In Lee

Artifacts are a common problem in physiological time series collected from intensive care units (ICU) and other settings. They affect the quality and reliability of clinical research and patient care. Manual annotation of artifacts is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Hollan Haule , Ian Piper , Patricia Jones , Chen Qin , Tsz-Yan Milly Lo , Javier Escudero

Unsupervised representation learning holds the promise of exploiting large amounts of unlabeled data to learn general representations. A promising technique for unsupervised learning is the framework of Variational Auto-encoders (VAEs).…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-09 Kamal Gupta , Saurabh Singh , Abhinav Shrivastava

Unsupervised visual defect detection is critical in industrial applications, requiring a representation space that captures normal data features while detecting deviations. Achieving a balance between expressiveness and compactness is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Qisen Cheng , Shuhui Qu , Janghwan Lee

We propose the Autoencoding Binary Classifiers (ABC), a novel supervised anomaly detector based on the Autoencoder (AE). There are two main approaches in anomaly detection: supervised and unsupervised. The supervised approach accurately…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-03-27 Yuki Yamanaka , Tomoharu Iwata , Hiroshi Takahashi , Masanori Yamada , Sekitoshi Kanai

Structured variational autoencoders (SVAEs) combine probabilistic graphical model priors on latent variables, deep neural networks to link latent variables to observed data, and structure-exploiting algorithms for approximate posterior…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-05-29 Yixiu Zhao , Scott W. Linderman

Automated anomaly detection is essential for managing information and communications technology (ICT) systems to maintain reliable services with minimum burden on operators. For detecting varying and continually emerging anomalies as…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-12-19 Yasuhiro Ikeda , Keisuke Ishibashi , Yuusuke Nakano , Keishiro Watanabe , Ryoichi Kawahara

This study advances the Variational Autoencoder (VAE) framework by addressing challenges in Independent Component Analysis (ICA) under both determined and underdetermined conditions, focusing on enhancing the independence and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-10 Yuan-Hao Wei , Yan-Jie Sun

Anomaly detection (AD) is a fast growing and popular domain among established applications like vision and time series. We observe a rich literature for these applications, but anomaly detection in text is only starting to blossom.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Jeremie Pantin , Christophe Marsala

Variational autoencdoers (VAE) are a popular approach to generative modelling. However, exploiting the capabilities of VAEs in practice can be difficult. Recent work on regularised and entropic autoencoders have begun to explore the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-02 Gregory A. Daly , Jonathan E. Fieldsend , Gavin Tabor

Variational Autoencoders (VAE) are popular generative models used to sample from complex data distributions. Despite their empirical success in various machine learning tasks, significant gaps remain in understanding their theoretical…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-23 Sobihan Surendran , Antoine Godichon-Baggioni , Sylvain Le Corff

Data augmentation is a powerful technique for improving the performance of the few-shot classification task. It generates more samples as supplements, and then this task can be transformed into a common supervised learning issue for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Yi Zhang , Sheng Huang , Xi Peng , Dan Yang