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Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated their effectiveness in multivariate time series classification (MTSC). Effective adaptation of LLMs for MTSC necessitates informative data representations. Existing LLM-based methods directly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Jiahao Wang , Mingyue Cheng , Qingyang Mao , Yitong Zhou , Daoyu Wang , Qi Liu , Feiyang Xu , Xin Li

Transformer-based large language models have remarkable potential to accelerate design optimization for applications such as drug development and materials discovery. Self-supervised pretraining of transformer models requires large-scale…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Pei Zhang , Logan Kearney , Debsindhu Bhowmik , Zachary Fox , Amit K. Naskar , John Gounley

Large-scale Transformer models have significantly promoted the recent development of natural language processing applications. However, little effort has been made to unify the effective models. In this paper, driven by providing a new set…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Dezhou Shen

With the urgent demand for generalized deep models, many pre-trained big models are proposed, such as BERT, ViT, GPT, etc. Inspired by the success of these models in single domains (like computer vision and natural language processing), the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Xiao Wang , Guangyao Chen , Guangwu Qian , Pengcheng Gao , Xiao-Yong Wei , Yaowei Wang , Yonghong Tian , Wen Gao

Recent work exploring the capabilities of pre-trained large language models (LLMs) has demonstrated their ability to act as general pattern machines by completing complex token sequences representing a wide array of tasks, including…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Seyed Parsa Neshaei , Richard Lee Davis , Adam Hazimeh , Bojan Lazarevski , Pierre Dillenbourg , Tanja Käser

Recent Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) demonstrate in-context learning ability to perform various functions based solely on the provided context, without updating model parameters. To fully utilize the in-context capabilities…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Jiecheng Lu , Yan Sun , Shihao Yang

Time series forecasting holds significant importance in many real-world dynamic systems and has been extensively studied. Unlike natural language process (NLP) and computer vision (CV), where a single large model can tackle multiple tasks,…

Time series data plays a critical role across diverse domains such as healthcare, energy, and finance, where tasks like classification, anomaly detection, and forecasting are essential for informed decision-making. Recently, large language…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Francis Tang , Ying Ding

Transformer architectures have facilitated the development of large-scale and general-purpose sequence models for prediction tasks in natural language processing and computer vision, e.g., GPT-3 and Swin Transformer. Although originally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Muning Wen , Runji Lin , Hanjing Wang , Yaodong Yang , Ying Wen , Luo Mai , Jun Wang , Haifeng Zhang , Weinan Zhang

The rapid development of deep learning techniques, improved computational power, and the availability of vast training data have led to significant advancements in pre-trained models and large language models (LLMs). Pre-trained models…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Yuan Huang , Yinan Chen , Xiangping Chen , Junqi Chen , Rui Peng , Zhicao Tang , Jinbo Huang , Furen Xu , Zibin Zheng

In this work we propose for the first time a transformer-based framework for unsupervised representation learning of multivariate time series. Pre-trained models can be potentially used for downstream tasks such as regression and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-10 George Zerveas , Srideepika Jayaraman , Dhaval Patel , Anuradha Bhamidipaty , Carsten Eickhoff

In recent years, deep learning techniques have outperformed traditional models in many machine learning tasks. Deep neural networks have successfully been applied to address time series forecasting problems, which is a very important topic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-09 Pedro Lara-Benítez , Manuel Carranza-García , José C. Riquelme

Foundation models of time series have not been fully developed due to the limited availability of time series corpora and the underexploration of scalable pre-training. Based on the similar sequential formulation of time series and natural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Yong Liu , Guo Qin , Xiangdong Huang , Jianmin Wang , Mingsheng Long

Time series analysis is critical for emerging net- work intelligent control and management functions. However, existing statistical-based and shallow machine learning models have shown limited prediction capabilities on multivariate time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Yufeng Xin , Ethan Fan

Many models such as Long Short Term Memory (LSTMs), Gated Recurrent Units (GRUs) and transformers have been developed to classify time series data with the assumption that events in a sequence are ordered. On the other hand, fewer models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Stephanie Ger , Diego Klabjan , Jean Utke

Time-series data are critical in diverse applications, such as industrial monitoring, medical diagnostics, and climate research. However, effectively integrating these high-dimensional temporal signals with natural language for dynamic,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Yilin Wang , Peixuan Lei , Jie Song , Yuzhe Hao , Tao Chen , Yuxuan Zhang , Lei Jia , Yuanxiang Li , Zhongyu Wei

Time series analysis is essential for comprehending the complexities inherent in various realworld systems and applications. Although large language models (LLMs) have recently made significant strides, the development of artificial general…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Ming Jin , Yifan Zhang , Wei Chen , Kexin Zhang , Yuxuan Liang , Bin Yang , Jindong Wang , Shirui Pan , Qingsong Wen

Self-supervised Pretrained Models (PTMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in computer vision and natural language processing tasks. These successes have prompted researchers to design PTMs for time series data. In our experiments,…

Large Language Models (LLMs), originally developed for natural language processing (NLP), have demonstrated the potential to generalize across modalities and domains. With their in-context learning (ICL) capabilities, LLMs can perform…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Nikolaos Pavlidis , Vasilis Perifanis , Symeon Symeonidis , Pavlos S. Efraimidis

Time series prediction can be generalized as a process that extracts useful information from historical records and then determines future values. Learning long-range dependencies that are embedded in time series is often an obstacle for…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-10-25 Yuxiu Hua , Zhifeng Zhao , Rongpeng Li , Xianfu Chen , Zhiming Liu , Honggang Zhang