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Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) has emerged as the de facto standard for parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) of foundation models, enabling the adaptation of billion-parameter networks with minimal computational and memory overhead. Despite…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Bingcong Li , Yilang Zhang , Georgios B. Giannakis

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) and other parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods provide low-memory, storage-efficient solutions for personalizing text-to-image models. However, these methods offer little to no improvement in wall-clock…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Ethan Smith , Rami Seid , Alberto Hojel , Paramita Mishra , Jianbo Wu

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is one of the most widely used techniques for fine-tuning large language models (LLMs). By introducing a small number of trainable low-rank weight matrices, LoRA substantially reduces the number of parameters that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Seokmin Ko

Low-rank adaptation~(LoRA) has recently gained much interest in fine-tuning foundation models. It effectively reduces the number of trainable parameters by incorporating low-rank matrices $A$ and $B$ to represent the weight change, i.e.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Ziqi Gao , Qichao Wang , Aochuan Chen , Zijing Liu , Bingzhe Wu , Liang Chen , Jia Li

As the number of model parameters increases, parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) has become the go-to choice for tailoring pre-trained large language models. Low-rank Adaptation (LoRA) uses a low-rank update method to simulate full…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Yongkang Liu , Xing Li , Mengjie Zhao , Shanru Zhang , Zijing Wang , Qian Li , Shi Feng , Feiliang Ren , Daling Wang , Hinrich Schütze

Both full fine-tuning (Full FT) and parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods such as LoRA introduce weight updates without accounting for the spectral structure established during pretraining. As a result, noisy gradients from limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Yequan Zhao , Ruijie Zhang , Liyan Tan , Niall Moran , Tong Qin , Zheng Zhang

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is a widely adopted parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) method for Large Language Models (LLMs), but it still incurs notable overhead and suffers from parameter interference in complex datasets. While recent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Chunlin Tian , Xuyang Wei , Huanrong Liu , Zhijiang Guo , Li Li

In order to streamline the fine-tuning of foundation models, Low-Rank Adapters (LoRAs) have been substantially adopted across various fields, including instruction tuning and domain adaptation. The underlying concept of LoRA involves…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Mengyang Sun , Yihao Wang , Tao Feng , Dan Zhang , Yifan Zhu , Jie Tang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed both everyday life and scientific research. However, adapting LLMs from general-purpose models to specialized tasks remains challenging, particularly in resource-constrained environments.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Hao Zhang , Bo Huang , Zhenjia Li , Xi Xiao , Hui Yi Leong , Zumeng Zhang , Xinwei Long , Tianyang Wang , Hao Xu

Fine-tuning large-scale pretrained models is prohibitively expensive in terms of computational and memory costs. LoRA, as one of the most popular Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods, offers a cost-effective alternative by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Shaowen Wang , Linxi Yu , Jian Li

With the proliferation of large pre-trained language models (PLMs), fine-tuning all model parameters becomes increasingly inefficient, particularly when dealing with numerous downstream tasks that entail substantial training and storage…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Nadav Benedek , Lior Wolf

In recent years, Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods like Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) have significantly enhanced the adaptability of large-scale pre-trained models. Weight-Decomposed Low-Rank Adaptation (DoRA) improves upon LoRA…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Qiushi Wang , Yuchen Fan , Junwei Bao , Hongfei Jiang , Yang Song

As large language models (LLMs) have become increasingly compute and memory intensive, parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods are now a common strategy to fine-tune LLMs. A popular PEFT method is Low-Rank Adapters (LoRA), which adds…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Damjan Kalajdzievski

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods like Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) optimize federated training by reducing computational and communication costs. We propose RoLoRA, a federated framework using alternating optimization to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Shuangyi Chen , Yuanxin Guo , Yue Ju , Harik Dalal , Zhongwen Zhu , Ashish Khisti

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) of pre-trained foundation models is increasingly attracting interest in medical imaging due to its effectiveness and computational efficiency. Among these methods, Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Ghassen Baklouti , Julio Silva-Rodríguez , Jose Dolz , Houda Bahig , Ismail Ben Ayed

Fine-tuning has proven to be highly effective in adapting pre-trained models to perform better on new desired tasks with minimal data samples. Among the most widely used approaches are reparameterization methods, which update a target…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Aymane El Firdoussi , El Mahdi Chayti , Mohamed El Amine Seddik , Martin Jaggi

Low-rank adapters (LoRA) and their variants are popular parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) techniques that closely match full model fine-tune performance while requiring only a small number of additional parameters. These additional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Runqian Wang , Soumya Ghosh , David Cox , Diego Antognini , Aude Oliva , Rogerio Feris , Leonid Karlinsky

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) is one of the most popular task-specific parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods on pre-trained language models for its good performance and computational efficiency. LoRA injects a product of two trainable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Youbang Sun , Zitao Li , Yaliang Li , Bolin Ding

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) has emerged as a crucial approach for adapting large foundational models to specific tasks, particularly as model sizes continue to grow exponentially. Among PEFT methods, Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Igor Sokolov , Abdurakhmon Sadiev , Yury Demidovich , Fawaz S Al-Qahtani , Peter Richtárik

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has emerged as a widely adopted parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) technique for foundation models. Recent work has highlighted an inherent asymmetry in the initialization of LoRA's low-rank factors, which has…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-18 Anastasis Kratsios , Tin Sum Cheng , Aurelien Lucchi , Haitz Sáez de Ocáriz Borde