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Observations of companions of solar-type stars in nearby young moving groups (NYMGs) show that they split into two groups: stellar and brown dwarf companions (mass ratio $q>0.05$) and Jupiter-like (JL) planets ($q<0.02$). The frequency of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-12 R. Gratton , M. Bonavita , D. Mesa , S. Desidera , A. Zurlo , S. Marino , V. D'Orazi , E. Rigliaco , V. Nascimbeni , D. Barbato , G. Columba , V. Squicciarini

Radial velocity surveys suggest that the Solar System may be unusual and that Jupiter-like planets have a frequency <20% around solar-type stars. However, they may be much more common in one of the closest associations in the solar…

Stellar companions can influence the formation and evolution of planetary systems, but there are currently few observational constraints on the properties of planet-hosting binary star systems. We search for stellar companions around 77…

Direct imaging has led to the discovery of several giant planet and brown dwarf companions. These imaged companions populate a mass, separation and age domain (mass>1MJup, orbits>5AU, age<1Gyr) quite distinct from the one occupied by…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-24 J. Lannier , P. Delorme , A. M. Lagrange , S. Borgniet , J. Rameau , J. E. Schlieder , J. Gagné , M. A. Bonavita , L. Malo , G. Chauvin , M. Bonnefoy , J. H. Girard

Surveys of young star-forming regions have discovered a growing population of planetary-mass (<13 M_Jup) companions around young stars. There is an ongoing debate as to whether these companions formed like planets (that is, from the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-05 Marta L. Bryan , Bjorn Benneke , Heather A. Knutson , Konstantin Batygin , Brendan P. Bowler

Multi-star systems are common, yet little is known about a stellar companion's influence on the formation and evolution of planetary systems. For instance, stellar companions may have facilitated the inward migration of hot Jupiters towards…

We analyse 11 years of precise radial velocities for 76 solar type stars from the Lick survey. Eight stars in this sample have previously reported planetary-mass companions, all with mass (m sin i) less than 8 Jupiter masses (MJ). For the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-13 Andrew Cumming , Geoffrey W. Marcy , R. Paul Butler

Exoplanets form from circumstellar protoplanetary discs whose fundamental properties (notably their extent, composition, mass, temperature and lifetime) depend on the host star properties, such as their mass and luminosity. B-stars are…

Dynamical masses of young planets aged between 10 and 200 Myr detected in imaging play a crucial role in shaping models of giant planet formation. Regrettably, only a few such objects possess these characteristics. Furthermore, the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-15 R. Gratton , M. Bonavita , D. Mesa , A. Zurlo , S. Marino , S. Desidera , V. D'Orazi , E. Rigliaco , V. Squicciarini , P. H. Nogueira

We use radial velocity observations to search for long-period gas giant companions in systems hosting inner super-Earth (1-4 R_Earth, 1-10 M_Earth) planets to constrain formation and migration scenarios for this population. We consistently…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-01-30 Marta L. Bryan , Heather A. Knutson , Eve J. Lee , BJ Fulton , Konstantin Batygin , Henry Ngo , Tiffany Meshkat

Direct imaging has confirmed the existence of substellar companions on wide orbits. To understand the formation and evolution mechanisms of these companions, the full population properties must be characterized. We aim at detecting giant…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 J. Rameau , G. Chauvin , A. -M. Lagrange , H. Klahr , M. Bonnefoy , C. Mordasini , M. Bonavita , S. Desidera , C. Dumas , J. H. Girard

Context. High contrast imaging is a powerful technique to search for gas giant planets and brown dwarfs orbiting at separation larger than several AU. Around solar-type stars, giant planets are expected to form by core accretion or by…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 P. Delorme , A. M. Lagrange , G. Chauvin , M. Bonavita , S. Lacour , M. Bonnefoy , D. Ehrenreich , H. Beust

We present an analysis of ~5 years of Lick Observatory radial velocity measurements targeting a uniform sample of 31 intermediate-mass subgiants (1.5 < M*/Msun < 2.0) with the goal of measuring the occurrence rate of Jovian planets around…

We have conducted an angular differential imaging survey with NIRC2 at Keck in search of close-in substellar companions to a sample of seven systems with confirmed planetary-mass companions (PMCs) on wide orbits (>50 AU). These…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-17 Marta L. Bryan , Brendan P. Bowler , Heather A. Knutson , Adam L. Kraus , Sasha Hinkley , Dimitri Mawet , Eric L. Nielsen , Sarah C. Blunt

We explore the impact of outer stellar companions on the occurrence rate of giant planets detected with radial velocities. We searched for stellar and planetary companions to a volume-limited sample of solar-type stars within 25 pc. Using…

The unexpected discovery of hot Jupiters challenged the classical theory of planet formation inspired by our solar system. Until now, the origin and evolution of hot Jupiters are still uncertain. Determining their age distribution and…

At wide separations, planetary-mass and brown dwarf companions to solar type stars occupy a curious region of parameters space not obviously linked to binary star formation or solar-system scale planet formation. These companions provide…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Michael J. Ireland , Adam L. Kraus , Frantz Martinache , Nicholas M. Law , Lynne A. Hillenbrand

Sun-like stars have stellar, brown dwarf and planetary companions. To help constrain their formation and migration scenarios, we analyse the close companions (orbital period < 5 years) of nearby Sun-like stars. By using the same sample to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Daniel Grether , Charles H. Lineweaver

ALMA has observed a plethora of ring-like structures in planet forming discs at distances of 10-100 au from their host star. Although several mechanisms have been invoked to explain the origin of such rings, a common explanation is that…

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