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This paper addresses the ethical concerns arising from the use of unauthorized public data in deep learning models and proposes a novel solution. Specifically, building on the work of Huang et al. (2021), we extend their bi-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Xinzhe Li , Ming Liu , Shang Gao

The unauthorized use of personal data for commercial purposes and the clandestine acquisition of private data for training machine learning models continue to raise concerns. In response to these issues, researchers have proposed…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Bin Fang , Bo Li , Shuang Wu , Ran Yi , Shouhong Ding , Lizhuang Ma

The open source of large amounts of image data promotes the development of deep learning techniques. Along with this comes the privacy risk of these open-source image datasets being exploited by unauthorized third parties to train deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Yixin Liu , Kaidi Xu , Xun Chen , Lichao Sun

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have shown huge superiority over humans in image recognition, speech processing, autonomous vehicles and medical diagnosis. However, recent studies indicate that DNNs are vulnerable to adversarial examples (AEs),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-24 Jiliang Zhang , Chen Li

Private data, when published online, may be collected by unauthorized parties to train deep neural networks (DNNs). To protect privacy, defensive noises can be added to original samples to degrade their learnability by DNNs. Recently,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Xueluan Gong , Yuji Wang , Yanjiao Chen , Haocheng Dong , Yiming Li , Mengyuan Sun , Shuaike Li , Qian Wang , Chen Chen

Most existing unlearnable strategies focus on preventing unauthorized users from training single-task learning (STL) models with personal data. Nevertheless, the paradigm has recently shifted towards multi-task data and multi-task learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Yi Yu , Song Xia , Siyuan Yang , Chenqi Kong , Wenhan Yang , Shijian Lu , Yap-Peng Tan , Alex C. Kot

Unlearnable examples are proposed to prevent third parties from exploiting unauthorized data, which generates unlearnable examples by adding imperceptible perturbations to public publishing data. These unlearnable examples proficiently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Pucheng Dang , Xing Hu , Kaidi Xu , Jinhao Duan , Di Huang , Husheng Han , Rui Zhang , Zidong Du

Privacy preserving has become increasingly critical with the emergence of social media. Unlearnable examples have been proposed to avoid leaking personal information on the Internet by degrading generalization abilities of deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Yifan Zhu , Lijia Yu , Xiao-Shan Gao

As for software development by machine learning, a trained model is evaluated by using part of an existing dataset as test data. However, if data with characteristics that differ from the existing data is input, the model does not always…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-05-22 Naoto Sato , Hironobu Kuruma , Hideto Ogawa

Automated scraping stands out as a common method for collecting data in deep learning models without the authorization of data owners. Recent studies have begun to tackle the privacy concerns associated with this data collection method.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Thushari Hapuarachchi , Jing Lin , Kaiqi Xiong , Mohamed Rahouti , Gitte Ost

Unlearnable example attacks are data poisoning attacks aiming to degrade the clean test accuracy of deep learning by adding imperceptible perturbations to the training samples, which can be formulated as a bi-level optimization problem.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Shuang Liu , Yihan Wang , Xiao-Shan Gao

Unlearnable examples (UE) have emerged as a practical mechanism to prevent unauthorized model training on private vision data, while extending this protection to tabular data is nontrivial. Tabular data in finance and healthcare is highly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Jiaming He , Fuming Luo , Hongwei Li , Wenbo Jiang , Wenshu Fan , Zhenbo Shi , Xudong Jiang , Yi Yu

Image segmentation is a crucial vision task that groups pixels within an image into semantically meaningful segments, which is pivotal in obtaining a fine-grained understanding of real-world scenes. However, an increasing privacy concern…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Ye Sun , Hao Zhang , Tiehua Zhang , Xingjun Ma , Yu-Gang Jiang

Deep learning based models are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. These attacks can be much more harmful in case of targeted attacks, where an attacker tries not only to fool the deep learning model, but also to misguide the model to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-15 Pradeep Rathore , Arghya Basak , Sri Harsha Nistala , Venkataramana Runkana

Recent work has shown that imperceptible perturbations can be applied to craft unlearnable examples (ULEs), i.e. images whose content cannot be used to improve a classifier during training. In this paper, we reveal the road that researchers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-29 Zhuoran Liu , Zhengyu Zhao , Alex Kolmus , Tijn Berns , Twan van Laarhoven , Tom Heskes , Martha Larson

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been shown to be vulnerable against adversarial examples (AEs) which are maliciously designed to fool target models. The normal examples (NEs) added with imperceptible adversarial perturbation, can be a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-31 Mingyu Dong , Jiahao Chen , Diqun Yan , Jingxing Gao , Li Dong , Rangding Wang

While the use of graph-structured data in various fields is becoming increasingly popular, it also raises concerns about the potential unauthorized exploitation of personal data for training commercial graph neural network (GNN) models,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Yixin Liu , Chenrui Fan , Pan Zhou , Lichao Sun

The widespread use of face recognition technology has given rise to privacy concerns, as many individuals are worried about the collection and utilization of their facial data. To address these concerns, researchers are actively exploring…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Zhiling Zhang , Jie Zhang , Kui Zhang , Wenbo Zhou , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu

The widespread availability of publicly accessible medical images has significantly propelled advancements in various research and clinical fields. Nonetheless, concerns regarding unauthorized training of AI systems for commercial purposes…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-22 Xun Lin , Yi Yu , Song Xia , Jue Jiang , Haoran Wang , Zitong Yu , Yizhong Liu , Ying Fu , Shuai Wang , Wenzhong Tang , Alex Kot

With more people publishing their personal data online, unauthorized data usage has become a serious concern. The unlearnable strategies have been introduced to prevent third parties from training on the data without permission. They add…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Jie Ren , Han Xu , Yuxuan Wan , Xingjun Ma , Lichao Sun , Jiliang Tang