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Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is a cornerstone of modern question answering (QA) systems, enabling grounded answers based on external knowledge. Although recent progress has been driven by open-domain datasets, enterprise QA systems…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Dvir Cohen , Lin Burg , Sviatoslav Pykhnivskyi , Hagit Gur , Stanislav Kovynov , Olga Atzmon , Gilad Barkan

Large language models (LLMs) remain brittle on multi-hop question answering (MHQA), where answering requires combining evidence across documents through retrieval and reasoning. Iterative retrieval systems can fail by locking onto an early…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Xingyu Li , Rongguang Wang , Yuying Wang , Mengqing Guo , Chenyang Li , Tao Sheng , Sujith Ravi , Dan Roth

Document Visual Question Answering (DocVQA) faces dual challenges in processing lengthy multimodal documents (text, images, tables) and performing cross-modal reasoning. Current document retrieval-augmented generation (DocRAG) methods…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Kuicai Dong , Yujing Chang , Shijie Huang , Yasheng Wang , Ruiming Tang , Yong Liu

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances factual accuracy by integrating external knowledge, yet it introduces a critical issue: erroneous or biased retrieval can mislead generation, compounding hallucinations, a phenomenon we term…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Wentao Hu , Wengyu Zhang , Yiyang Jiang , Chen Jason Zhang , Xiaoyong Wei , Qing Li

Automated question-answering (QA) systems increasingly rely on retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) to ground large language models (LLMs) in authoritative medical knowledge, ensuring clinical accuracy and patient safety in Artificial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Aswini Sivakumar , Vijayan Sugumaran , Yao Qiang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has gained significant attention in recent years for its potential to enhance natural language understanding and generation by combining large-scale retrieval systems with generative models. RAG…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Mingyue Cheng , Yucong Luo , Jie Ouyang , Qi Liu , Huijie Liu , Li Li , Shuo Yu , Bohou Zhang , Jiawei Cao , Jie Ma , Daoyu Wang , Enhong Chen

Retrieval-augmented Generation (RAG) has demonstrated potential in enhancing medical question-answering systems through the integration of large language models (LLMs) with external medical literature. LLMs can retrieve relevant medical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Mengzhou Sun , Sendong Zhao , Jianyu Chen , Haochun Wang , Bin Qin

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) frameworks enable large language models (LLMs) to retrieve relevant information from a knowledge base and incorporate it into the context for generating responses. This mitigates hallucinations and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Pouria Rouzrokh , Shahriar Faghani , Cooper U. Gamble , Moein Shariatnia , Bradley J. Erickson

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) substantially extends the knowledge boundary of large language models. However, it still faces two major challenges when handling complex reasoning tasks: low context utilization and frequent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Shijia Xu , Zhou Wu , Xiaolong Jia , Yu Wang , Kai Liu , April Xiaowen Dong

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) encounters challenges when addressing complex queries, particularly multi-hop questions. While several methods tackle multi-hop queries by iteratively generating internal queries and retrieving external…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Jiaen Lin , Jingyu Liu , Yingbo Liu

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) for language models significantly improves language understanding systems. The basic retrieval-then-read pipeline of response generation has evolved into a more extended process due to the integration of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Yunxiao Shi , Xing Zi , Zijing Shi , Haimin Zhang , Qiang Wu , Min Xu

Domain-specific QA systems require not just generative fluency but high factual accuracy grounded in structured expert knowledge. While recent Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) frameworks improve context recall, they struggle with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 David Osei Opoku , Ming Sheng , Yong Zhang

With the rapid advancement of Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs), their capability in understanding both images and text has greatly improved. However, their potential for leveraging multi-modal contextual information in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Zhenghao Liu , Xingsheng Zhu , Tianshuo Zhou , Xinyi Zhang , Xiaoyuan Yi , Yukun Yan , Ge Yu , Maosong Sun

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems have shown substantial benefits in applications such as question answering and multi-turn dialogue \citep{lewis2020retrieval}. However, traditional RAG methods, while leveraging static knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Feiyuan Zhang , Dezhi Zhu , James Ming , Yilun Jin , Di Chai , Liu Yang , Han Tian , Zhaoxin Fan , Kai Chen

Iterative retrieval-augmented generation (iRAG) models offer an effective approach for multi-hop question answering (QA). However, their retrieval process faces two key challenges: (1) it can be disrupted by irrelevant documents or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Jinyuan Fang , Zaiqiao Meng , Craig Macdonald

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems rely on retrieval models for identifying relevant contexts and answer generation models for utilizing those contexts. However, retrievers exhibit imperfect recall and precision, limiting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Jerry Huang , Siddarth Madala , Risham Sidhu , Cheng Niu , Hao Peng , Julia Hockenmaier , Tong Zhang

Visual Question Answering systems face reliability issues due to hallucinations, where models generate answers misaligned with visual input or factual knowledge. While Retrieval Augmented Generation frameworks mitigate this issue by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Ruoshuang Du , Xin Sun , Qiang Liu , Bowen Song , Zhongqi Chen , Weiqiang Wang , Liang Wang

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is key to enhancing large language models (LLMs) to systematically access richer factual knowledge. Yet, using RAG brings intrinsic challenges, as LLMs must deal with potentially conflicting knowledge,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Leonardo Ranaldi , Federico Ranaldi , Fabio Massimo Zanzotto , Barry Haddow , Alexandra Birch

With the rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs), Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has become a predominant method in the field of professional knowledge-based question answering. Presently, major foundation model companies…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Demiao Lin

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) for domain-specific question-answering (QA) tasks by leveraging external knowledge sources. However, traditional RAG systems primarily focus on relevance-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Mohammad Reza Rezaei , Adji Bousso Dieng