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Prompt tuning learns soft prompts to condition frozen Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) for performing downstream tasks in a parameter-efficient manner. While prompt tuning has gradually reached the performance level of fine-tuning as the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Fang Ma , Chen Zhang , Lei Ren , Jingang Wang , Qifan Wang , Wei Wu , Xiaojun Quan , Dawei Song

Recent efforts in fine-tuning language models often rely on automatic data selection, commonly using Nearest Neighbors retrieval from large datasets. However, we theoretically show that this approach tends to select redundant data, limiting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Jonas Hübotter , Sascha Bongni , Ido Hakimi , Andreas Krause

Effective passage retrieval and reranking methods have been widely utilized to identify suitable candidates in open-domain question answering tasks, recent studies have resorted to LLMs for reranking the retrieved passages by the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Xuyang Wu , Zhiyuan Peng , Krishna Sravanthi Rajanala Sai , Hsin-Tai Wu , Yi Fang

Text-to-video models have made remarkable advancements through optimization on high-quality text-video pairs, where the textual prompts play a pivotal role in determining quality of output videos. However, achieving the desired output often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Yatai Ji , Jiacheng Zhang , Jie Wu , Shilong Zhang , Shoufa Chen , Chongjian GE , Peize Sun , Weifeng Chen , Wenqi Shao , Xuefeng Xiao , Weilin Huang , Ping Luo

Large-scale vision-language pre-trained (VLP) models (e.g., CLIP) are renowned for their versatility, as they can be applied to diverse applications in a zero-shot setup. However, when these models are used in specific domains, their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Anh-Quan Cao , Maximilian Jaritz , Matthieu Guillaumin , Raoul de Charette , Loris Bazzani

Recent advancements in LLMs have showcased their remarkable role-playing capabilities, able to accurately simulate the dialogue styles and cognitive processes of various roles based on different instructions and contexts. Studies indicate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Aobo Kong , Shiwan Zhao , Hao Chen , Qicheng Li , Yong Qin , Ruiqi Sun , Xin Zhou , Jiaming Zhou , Haoqin Sun

News recommendation systems (RS) play a pivotal role in the current digital age, shaping how individuals access and engage with information. The fusion of natural language processing (NLP) and RS, spurred by the rise of large language…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Xinyi Li , Yongfeng Zhang , Edward C Malthouse

Training or finetuning large-scale language models (LLMs) requires substantial computation resources, motivating recent efforts to explore parameter-efficient adaptation to downstream tasks. One approach is to treat these models as black…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Danqing Luo , Chen Zhang , Yan Zhang , Haizhou Li

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) such as CLIP have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in understanding relationships between visual and textual data through joint embedding spaces. Despite their effectiveness, these models remain vulnerable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Jiaming Zhang , Xin Wang , Xingjun Ma , Lingyu Qiu , Yu-Gang Jiang , Jitao Sang

Recent research highlights the significant potential of ChatGPT for text annotation in social science research. However, ChatGPT is a closed-source product which has major drawbacks with regards to transparency, reproducibility, cost, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Ross Deans Kristensen-McLachlan , Miceal Canavan , Márton Kardos , Mia Jacobsen , Lene Aarøe

Models trained on data composed of different groups or domains can suffer from severe performance degradation under distribution shifts. While recent methods have largely focused on optimizing the worst-group objective, this often comes at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Hoang Phan , Andrew Gordon Wilson , Qi Lei

Hierarchical text classification (HTC) is a challenging subtask of multi-label classification due to its complex label hierarchy. Recently, the pretrained language models (PLM)have been widely adopted in HTC through a fine-tuning paradigm.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Zihan Wang , Peiyi Wang , Tianyu Liu , Binghuai Lin , Yunbo Cao , Zhifang Sui , Houfeng Wang

This paper presents AutoHint, a novel framework for automatic prompt engineering and optimization for Large Language Models (LLM). While LLMs have demonstrated remarkable ability in achieving high-quality annotation in various tasks, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Hong Sun , Xue Li , Yinchuan Xu , Youkow Homma , Qi Cao , Min Wu , Jian Jiao , Denis Charles

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated their efficacy across a broad spectrum of tasks in healthcare applications. However, often LLMs need to be fine-tuned on task-specific expert annotated data to achieve optimal performance,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Bhawesh Kumar , Jonathan Amar , Eric Yang , Nan Li , Yugang Jia

Using prompts to explore the knowledge contained within pre-trained language models for downstream tasks has now become an active topic. Current prompt tuning methods mostly convert the downstream tasks to masked language modeling problems…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Jiale Han , Shuai Zhao , Bo Cheng , Shengkun Ma , Wei Lu

Recently, computers have diversified architectures. To achieve high numerical calculation software performance, it is necessary to tune the software according to the target computer architecture. However, code optimization for each…

Performance · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Toma Sakurai , Satoshi Ohshima , Takahiro Katagiri , Toru Nagai

Efficiently fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) for specific tasks presents a considerable challenge in natural language processing. Traditional methods, like prompt or prefix tuning, typically rely on arbitrary tokens for training,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Md. Kowsher , Md. Shohanur Islam Sobuj , Asif Mahmud , Nusrat Jahan Prottasha , Prakash Bhat

Large Language Models have introduced new possibilities for programming education through personalized support, content creation, and automated feedback. While recent studies have demonstrated the potential for feedback generation, many…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Smitha S Kumar , Michael A Lones , Manuel Maarek , Hind Zantout

In recent years, personality has been regarded as a valuable personal factor being incorporated into numerous tasks such as sentiment analysis and product recommendation. This has led to widespread attention to text-based personality…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Yu Ji , Wen Wu , Hong Zheng , Yi Hu , Xi Chen , Liang He

Recent studies have demonstrated promising potential of ChatGPT for various text annotation and classification tasks. However, ChatGPT is non-deterministic which means that, as with human coders, identical input can lead to different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Michael V. Reiss