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This report surveys the landscape of potential security threats from malicious uses of AI, and proposes ways to better forecast, prevent, and mitigate these threats. After analyzing the ways in which AI may influence the threat landscape in…

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) continues to evolve, it has transitioned from a research-focused discipline to a widely adopted technology, enabling intelligent solutions across various sectors. In security, AI's role in strengthening…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Saskia Laura Schröer , Luca Pajola , Alberto Castagnaro , Giovanni Apruzzese , Mauro Conti

Potential advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) could have profound implications for how countries research and develop weapons systems, and how militaries deploy those systems on the battlefield. The idea of AI-enabled military…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Paul Scharre , Megan Lamberth

With the capability to write convincing and fluent natural language and generate code, Foundation Models present dual-use concerns broadly and within the cyber domain specifically. Generative AI has already begun to impact cyberspace…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Kade M. Heckel , Adrian Weller

The integration of Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) into autonomous machines represents a major paradigm shift in how these systems operate and unlocks new solutions to problems once deemed intractable. Although generative AI agents…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Jason Jabbour , Vijay Janapa Reddi

The recent embrace of machine learning (ML) in the development of autonomous weapons systems (AWS) creates serious risks to geopolitical stability and the free exchange of ideas in AI research. This topic has received comparatively little…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Riley Simmons-Edler , Ryan Badman , Shayne Longpre , Kanaka Rajan

The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) to solve cybersecurity problems has been gaining traction within industry and academia, in part as a response to widespread malware attacks on critical systems, such as cloud…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-24 Maanak Gupta , Sudip Mittal , Mahmoud Abdelsalam

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the most transformative technologies of the 21st century. The extent and scope of future AI capabilities remain a key uncertainty, with widespread disagreement on timelines and potential impacts. As…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Kyle A. Kilian , Christopher J. Ventura , Mark M. Bailey

Recent technological and architectural advancements in 5G networks have proven their worth as the deployment has started over the world. Key performance elevating factor from access to core network are softwareization, cloudification and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-10 Noman Haider , Muhammad Zeeshan Baig , Muhammad Imran

The advancements in communication technology (5G and beyond) and global connectivity Internet of Things (IoT) also come with new security problems that will need to be addressed in the next few years. The threats and vulnerabilities…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Sandeep Pirbhulal , Habtamu Abie , Martin Jullum , Didrik Nielsen , Anders Løland

With the advances in information technology (IT) criminals are using cyberspace to commit numerous cyber crimes. Cyber infrastructures are highly vulnerable to intrusions and other threats. Physical devices and human intervention are not…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-02-13 Selma Dilek , Hüseyin Çakır , Mustafa Aydın

Policymakers face a broader challenge of how to view AI capabilities today and where does society stand in terms of those capabilities. This paper surveys AI capabilities and tackles this very issue, exploring it in context of political…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Shashank Yadav

Since its launch in late 2022, ChatGPT has ignited widespread interest in Large Language Models (LLMs) and broader Artificial Intelligence (AI) solutions. As this new wave of AI permeates various sectors of society, we are continually…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Juho Vepsäläinen , Petri Juntunen

The rapid and dynamic pace of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) is revolutionizing the insurance sector. AI offers significant, very much welcome advantages to insurance companies, and is fundamental to their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-19 Elisa Luciano , Matteo Cattaneo , Ron Kenett

Agentic AI is shifting the cybersecurity landscape as attackers and defenders leverage AI agents to augment humans and automate common tasks. In this article, we examine the implications for cyber warfare and global politics as Agentic AI…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Sean Oesch , Jack Hutchins , Phillipe Austria , Amul Chaulagain

The emergence and continued reliance on the Internet and related technologies has resulted in the generation of large amounts of data that can be made available for analyses. However, humans do not possess the cognitive capabilities to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-12 MohammadNoor Injadat , Abdallah Moubayed , Ali Bou Nassif , Abdallah Shami

Artificial intelligence (AI) researchers have been developing and refining large language models (LLMs) that exhibit remarkable capabilities across a variety of domains and tasks, challenging our understanding of learning and cognition. The…

The evolution of wireless networks gravitates towards connected intelligence, a concept that envisions seamless interconnectivity among humans, objects, and intelligence in a hyper-connected cyber-physical world. Edge artificial…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Yifei Shen , Jiawei Shao , Xinjie Zhang , Zehong Lin , Hao Pan , Dongsheng Li , Jun Zhang , Khaled B. Letaief

Images of war are almost as old as war itself. From cave paintings to photographs of mobile devices on social media, humans always had the urge to capture particularly important events during a war. Images provide visual evidence. For armed…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Raphael Meier

Open-weight general-purpose AI (GPAI) models offer significant benefits but also introduce substantial cybersecurity risks, as demonstrated by the offensive capabilities of models like DeepSeek-R1 in evaluations such as MITRE's OCCULT.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Alfonso de Gregorio