Related papers: Integrating Large Language Models in Causal Discov…

Ensuring fairness in machine learning requires understanding how sensitive attributes like race or gender causally influence outcomes. Existing causal discovery (CD) methods often struggle to recover fairness-relevant pathways in the…

Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS) utilize evidence-based knowledge and patient data to offer real-time recommendations, with Large Language Models (LLMs) emerging as a promising tool to generate plain-text explanations for medical…

Traditional causal discovery methods often depend on strong, untestable assumptions, making them unreliable in real-world applications. In this context, Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a promising alternative for extracting…

Objective: This study investigates the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) as an alternative to human expert elicitation for extracting structured causal knowledge and facilitating causal modeling in biometric and healthcare…

Deep neural networks (DNNs) often struggle with out-of-distribution data, limiting their reliability in diverse realworld applications. To address this issue, domain generalization methods have been developed to learn domain-invariant…

Designing proper experiments and selecting optimal intervention targets is a longstanding problem in scientific or causal discovery. Identifying the underlying causal structure from observational data alone is inherently difficult.…

Causal discovery is becoming a key part in medical AI research. These methods can enhance healthcare by identifying causal links between biomarkers, demographics, treatments and outcomes. They can aid medical professionals in choosing more…

The safe deployment of large language models (LLMs) in high-stakes fields like biomedicine, requires them to be able to reason about cause and effect. We investigate this ability by testing 13 open-source LLMs on a fundamental task:…

Large language models (LLMs) have shown strong knowledge reserves and task-solving capabilities, but still face the challenge of severe hallucination, hindering their practical application. Though scientific theories and rules can…

Large Language Models (LLMs) show promise in biomedicine but lack true causal understanding, relying instead on correlations. This paper envisions causal LLM agents that integrate multimodal data (text, images, genomics, etc.) and perform…

Causal learning has long concerned itself with the accurate recovery of underlying causal mechanisms. Such causal modelling enables better explanations of out-of-distribution data. Prior works on causal learning assume that the high-level…

Large language models (LLMs) have shown great potential in decision-making due to the vast amount of knowledge stored within the models. However, these pre-trained models are prone to lack reasoning abilities and are difficult to adapt to…

Cognitive Diagnosis Models (CDMs) are designed to assess students' cognitive states by analyzing their performance across a series of exercises. However, existing CDMs often struggle with diagnosing infrequent students and exercises due to…

As large language models (LLMs) witness increasing deployment in complex, high-stakes decision-making scenarios, it becomes imperative to ground their reasoning in causality rather than spurious correlations. However, strong performance on…

The SZZ algorithm is the dominant technique for identifying bug-inducing commits and serves as a foundation for many software engineering studies, such as bug prediction and static code analysis. Researchers have proposed many variants to…

Large language models (LLMs) have excelled in various natural language processing tasks, but challenges in interpretability and trustworthiness persist, limiting their use in high-stakes fields. Causal discovery offers a promising approach…

Causal inference is one of the hallmarks of human intelligence. While the field of CausalNLP has attracted much interest in the recent years, existing causal inference datasets in NLP primarily rely on discovering causality from empirical…

Large language model (LLM) agents-especially smaller, open-source models-often produce causally invalid or incoherent actions in collaborative tasks due to their reliance on surface-level correlations rather than grounded causal reasoning.…

Transforming a dynamic hypothesis into a causal loop diagram (CLD) is crucial for System Dynamics Modelling. Extracting key variables and causal relationships from text to build a CLD is often challenging and time-consuming for novice…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance across a wide range of tasks, yet they still struggle with complex mathematical reasoning, a challenge fundamentally rooted in deep structural dependencies. To address this…