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Labeling training examples at scale is a perennial challenge in machine learning. Self-supervision methods compensate for the lack of direct supervision by leveraging prior knowledge to automatically generate noisy labeled examples. Deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-24 Hunter Lang , Hoifung Poon

Self-supervised learning (SSL) aims to produce useful feature representations without access to any human-labeled data annotations. Due to the success of recent SSL methods based on contrastive learning, such as SimCLR, this problem has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-23 Kartik Gupta , Thalaiyasingam Ajanthan , Anton van den Hengel , Stephen Gould

Though offering amazing contextualized token-level representations, current pre-trained language models actually take less attention on acquiring sentence-level representation during its self-supervised pre-training. If self-supervised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Bohong Wu , Hai Zhao

Self-supervised learning (SSL) is a growing torrent that has recently transformed machine learning and its many real world applications, by learning on massive amounts of unlabeled data via self-generated supervisory signals. Unsupervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Leman Akoglu , Jaemin Yoo

Contrastive learning (CL) has recently emerged as an alternative to traditional supervised machine learning solutions by enabling rich representations from unstructured and unlabeled data. However, CL and, more broadly, self-supervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Roberto Pereira , Fernanda Famá , Asal Rangrazi , Marco Miozzo , Charalampos Kalalas , Paolo Dini

A prominent technique for self-supervised representation learning has been to contrast semantically similar and dissimilar pairs of samples. Without access to labels, dissimilar (negative) points are typically taken to be randomly sampled…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Ching-Yao Chuang , Joshua Robinson , Lin Yen-Chen , Antonio Torralba , Stefanie Jegelka

Contrastive Self-supervised Learning (CSL) is a practical solution that learns meaningful visual representations from massive data in an unsupervised approach. The ordinary CSL embeds the features extracted from neural networks onto…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-19 Shentong Mo , Zhun Sun , Chao Li

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has become the de facto training paradigm of large models where pre-training is followed by supervised fine-tuning using domain-specific data and labels. Hypothesizing that SSL models would learn more generic,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Sofia Yfantidou , Dimitris Spathis , Marios Constantinides , Athena Vakali , Daniele Quercia , Fahim Kawsar

Graph-based Semi-Supervised Learning (SSL) aims to transfer the labels of a handful of labeled data to the remaining massive unlabeled data via a graph. As one of the most popular graph-based SSL approaches, the recently proposed Graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Sheng Wan , Shirui Pan , Jian Yang , Chen Gong

Masked autoencoders are scalable vision learners, as the title of MAE \cite{he2022masked}, which suggests that self-supervised learning (SSL) in vision might undertake a similar trajectory as in NLP. Specifically, generative pretext tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Chaoning Zhang , Chenshuang Zhang , Junha Song , John Seon Keun Yi , Kang Zhang , In So Kweon

Self-supervised representation learning has shown remarkable success in a number of domains. A common practice is to perform data augmentation via hand-crafted transformations intended to leave the semantics of the data invariant. We seek…

Contrastive self-supervised learning (CSL) has managed to match or surpass the performance of supervised learning in image and video classification. However, it is still largely unknown if the nature of the representations induced by the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Rohit Gupta , Naveed Akhtar , Ajmal Mian , Mubarak Shah

Self-supervised learning of deep neural networks has become a prevalent paradigm for learning representations that transfer to a variety of downstream tasks. Similar to proposed models of the ventral stream of biological vision, it is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-26 Kion Fallah , Alec Helbling , Kyle A. Johnsen , Christopher J. Rozell

Recent advancements in Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) have shown promising results in Speaker Verification (SV). However, narrowing the performance gap with supervised systems remains an ongoing challenge. Several studies have observed that…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-25 Victor Miara , Theo Lepage , Reda Dehak

The recent emergence of Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) as a fundamental paradigm for learning image representations has, and continues to, demonstrate high empirical success in a variety of tasks. However, most SSL approaches fail to learn…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Alžběta Manová , Aiden Durrant , Georgios Leontidis

Deep Learning is often depicted as a trio of data-architecture-loss. Yet, recent Self Supervised Learning (SSL) solutions have introduced numerous additional design choices, e.g., a projector network, positive views, or teacher-student…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Mark Ibrahim , David Klindt , Randall Balestriero

Existing self-supervised learning (SSL) methods primarily learn object-invariant representations but often neglect the spatial structure and relationships among object parts. To address this limitation, we introduce Spatial Prediction (SP),…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yang Shen , Yusen Cai , Weronika Hryniewska-Guzik , Qing Lin , Mengmi Zhang

Pseudo-labeling has proven to be a promising semi-supervised learning (SSL) paradigm. Existing pseudo-labeling methods commonly assume that the class distributions of training data are balanced. However, such an assumption is far from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Renzhen Wang , Xixi Jia , Quanziang Wang , Yichen Wu , Deyu Meng

Self-supervised learning aims to learn representations from the data itself without explicit manual supervision. Existing efforts ignore a crucial aspect of self-supervised learning - the ability to scale to large amount of data because…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-07 Priya Goyal , Dhruv Mahajan , Abhinav Gupta , Ishan Misra

Discovering what is learned by neural networks remains a challenge. In self-supervised learning, classification is the most common task used to evaluate how good a representation is. However, relying only on such downstream task can limit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-17 Florian Bordes , Randall Balestriero , Pascal Vincent