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The octopus arm is a neuromechanical system that involves a complex interplay between peripheral nervous system (PNS) and arm musculature. This makes the arm capable of carrying out rich maneuvers. In this paper, we build a model for the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-11 Tixian Wang , Udit Halder , Ekaterina Gribkova , Mattia Gazzola , Prashant G. Mehta

The main contribution of this paper is a novel sensory feedback control law for an octopus arm. The control law is inspired by, and helps integrate, several observations made by biologists. The proposed control law is distinct from prior…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-25 Tixian Wang , Udit Halder , Ekaterina Gribkova , Rhanor Gillette , Mattia Gazzola , Prashant G. Mehta

Flexible octopus arms exhibit an exceptional ability to coordinate large numbers of degrees of freedom and perform complex manipulation tasks. As a consequence, these systems continue to attract the attention of biologists and roboticists…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-02 Heng-Sheng Chang , Udit Halder , Chia-Hsien Shih , Noel Naughton , Mattia Gazzola , Prashant G. Mehta

This paper presents an application of the energy shaping methodology to control a flexible, elastic Cosserat rod model of a single octopus arm. The novel contributions of this work are two-fold: (i) a control-oriented modeling of the…

This paper proposes SoftGM, an octopus-inspired distributed control architecture for segmented soft robotic arms that learn to reach targets in contact-rich environments using online obstacle discovery without relying on global obstacle…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Linxin Hou , Qirui Wu , Zhihang Qin , Yongxin Guo , Cecilia Laschi

Beyond providing accurate movements, achieving smooth motion trajectories is a long-standing goal of robotics control theory for arms aiming to replicate natural human movements. Drawing inspiration from biological agents, whose reaching…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Ioannis Polykretis , Lazar Supic , Andreea Danielescu

In this paper, we use the optimal control methodology to control a flexible, elastic Cosserat rod. An inspiration comes from stereotypical movement patterns in octopus arms, which are observed in a variety of manipulation tasks, such as…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-04-25 Tixian Wang , Udit Halder , Heng-Sheng Chang , Mattia Gazzola , Prashant G. Mehta

How dynamic interactions between nervous system regions in mammals performs online motor control remains an unsolved problem. In this paper we show that feedback control is a simple, yet powerful way to understand the neural dynamics of…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-10-24 Sergio Verduzco-Flores , Erik De Schutter

Soft robotics technologies have gained growing interest in recent years, which allows various applications from manufacturing to human-robot interaction. Pneumatic artificial muscle (PAM), a typical soft actuator, has been widely applied to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-09-23 Hongbo Zhang , Yunshuang Li , Yipin Guo , Xinyi Chen , Qinyuan Ren

Inspired by the unique neurophysiology of the octopus, we propose a hierarchical framework that simplifies the coordination of multiple soft arms by decomposing control into high-level decision making, low-level motor activation, and local…

Many technical solutions are bio-inspired. Octopus-inspired robotic arms belong to continuum robots which are used in minimally invasive surgery or for technical system restoration in areas difficult-toaccess. Continuum robot missions are…

This paper entails application of the energy shaping methodology to control a flexible, elastic Cosserat rod model. Recent interest in such continuum models stems from applications in soft robotics, and from the growing recognition of the…

Biological systems, such as the octopus, exhibit masterful cross-scale manipulation by adaptively reconfiguring their entire form, a capability that remains elusive in robotics. Conventional soft grippers, while compliant, are mostly…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Dong Heon Han , Xiaohao Xu , Yuxi Chen , Yusheng Zhou , Xinqi Zhang , Jiaqi Wang , Daniel Bruder , Xiaonan Huang

Muscular hydrostats, such as octopus arms or elephant trunks, lack bones entirely, endowing them with exceptional dexterity and reconfigurability. Key to their unmatched ability to control nearly infinite degrees of freedom is the…

We review how sensorimotor control is dictated by interacting neural populations, optimal feedback mechanisms, and the biomechanics of bodies. First, we outline the distributed anatomical loops that shuttle sensorimotor signals between…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-09-19 Muhammad Noman Almani , John Lazzari , Jeff Walker , Shreya Saxena

Soft robots can exhibit diverse behaviors with simple types of actuation by partially outsourcing control to the morphological and material properties of their soft bodies, which is made possible by the tight coupling between control, body,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-08-19 Kohei Nakajima , Nico Schmidt , Rolf Pfeifer

Sensory feedback is essential for the control of soft robotic systems and to enable deployment in a variety of different tasks. Proprioception refers to sensing the robot's own state and is of crucial importance in order to deploy soft…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Matthias Hofer , Carmelo Sferrazza , Raffaello D'Andrea

Coordinated human movement depends on the integration of multisensory inputs, sensorimotor transformation, and motor execution, as well as sensory feedback resulting from body-environment interaction. Building dynamic models of the…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-03 Chenhui Zuo , Guohao Lin , Chen Zhang , Shanning Zhuang , Yanan Sui

The human somatosensory system integrates multimodal sensory feedback, including tactile, proprioceptive, and thermal signals, to enable comprehensive perception and effective interaction with the environment. Inspired by the biological…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Fengyi Wang , Xiangyu Fu , Nitish Thakor , Gordon Cheng

The current work is a qualitative study that aims to explore the implementation of Twisted and Coiled Artificial Muscles (TCAMs) for actuating and replicating the bending motion of an octopus-like soft robot arm underwater. Additionally, it…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Amirreza Fahim Golestaneh , Venanzio Cichella , Caterina Lamuta
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