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Extragalactic background of high energy neutrinos arising from the interactions of cosmic ray protons with far-infrared extragalactic background radiation is calculated. The main assumption is that the cosmic ray spectrum at energies higher…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 E. V. Bugaev , A. Misaki , K. Mitsui

We derive general constraints on the relic abundances of a long-lived particle which mainly decays into a neutrino (and something else) at cosmological time scales. Such an exotic particle may show up in various particle-physics models…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Toru Kanzaki , Masahiro Kawasaki , Kazunori Kohri , Takeo Moroi

The Cosmic Neutrino Background is a prediction of the standard cosmological model, but it has been never observed directly. In the experiments with the aim of detecting relic CNB neutrinos, currently under development, the expected event…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-19 Stefano Gariazzo

The best upper bounds on the masses of stable and unstable light neutrinos derive from the upper bound on the total mass density, as inferred from the lower limit $t_0> 13$ Gyr on the dynamical age of the Universe: If the Universe is…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Sidney A. Bludman

Under the assumption that some part of the observed highest energy cosmic rays consists of protons originating from cosmological distances, we derive bounds on the associated flux of neutrinos generated by inelastic processes with the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-10 Z. Fodor , S. D. Katz , A. Ringwald , H. Tu

A measurement of the big bang relic neutrinos would open a new window to the early universe. We review various possibilities to detect this cosmic neutrino background and substantiate the assertion that -- apart from the rather indirect…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-08-23 A. Ringwald

I discuss how different cosmological observations can test the possibility that neutrinos might be unstable on cosmological times, resulting into an unstable cosmic neutrino background. I also discuss out how actually there are different…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-05-09 Pasquale Di Bari

Ongoing experimental efforts to detect cosmic sources of high energy neutrinos are guided by the expectation that astrophysical accelerators of cosmic ray protons would also generate neutrinos through interactions with ambient matter and/or…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-13 Luis A. Anchordoqui , Dan Hooper , Subir Sarkar , Andrew M. Taylor

I give a brief discussion of possible sources of high energy neutrinos of astrophysical origin over the energy range from $\sim 10^{12}$ eV to $\sim 10^{25}$ eV. In particular I shall review predictions of the diffuse neutrino intensity.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 R. J. Protheroe

Cosmic high energy neutrinos are inextricably linked to the origin of cosmic rays which is one of the major unresolved questions in astrophysics. In particular, the highest energy cosmic rays observed possess macroscopic energies and their…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 G. Sigl

Neutrinos from far-away sources annihilating at the Z resonance on relic neutrinos may give origin to the extreme-energy cosmic rays (EECR). If ``Z-bursts'' are responsible for the EECR events, then we show that the non-observation of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-10 Graciela Gelmini , Gabriele Varieschi , Thomas Weiler

This paper is a brief review of the status of the search for astrophysical neutrinos of high energy. Its emphasis is on the search for a hard spectrum of neutrinos from the whole Northern sky above the steeply falling background of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-03 Thomas K. Gaisser

An upper bound to the supernova relic neutrino background from all past Type II supernovae is obtained using observations of the Universal metal enrichment history. We show that an unambiguous detection of these relic neutrinos by the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-05 M. Kaplinghat , G. Steigman , T. P. Walker

We compute the flux of relic neutrino background (R$\nu$B) up-scattered by ultra-high-energy (UHE) cosmic rays (CRs) in clusters that act as CR-reservoirs. The long trapping times of UHECRs make this flux larger than that of R$\nu$B…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-01-08 Andrea Giovanni De Marchi , Alessandro Granelli , Jacopo Nava , Filippo Sala

Upper limits on neutrino masses from cosmology have been reported recently to reach the impressive sub-eV level, which is competitive with future terrestrial neutrino experiments. In this brief overview of the latest limits from cosmology I…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-11 Oystein Elgaroy

Using the propagation of ultra high energy nucleons, photons and electrons in the universal radiation backgrounds, we obtain limits on the luminosity of topological defects scenarios for the origin of the highest energy cosmic rays. The…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-12 R. J. Protheroe , Todor Stanev

Diffuse background of high energy neutrinos arising from interactions of cosmic ray protons with far infrared radiation background in extragalactic space is calculated. It is assumed that cosmic ray spectrum at superhigh energies has…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 E. V. Bugaev , P. A. Klimai

The Cosmic Neutrino Background is a prediction of the standard cosmological model, but it has been never observed directly. Experiments with the aim of detecting relic CNB neutrinos are under development. For such experiments, the expected…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-31 S. Gariazzo

We have determined the dispersion relation of a neutrino test particle propagating in the cosmic neutrino background. Describing the relic neutrinos and antineutrinos from the hot big bang as a dense medium, a matter potential or refractive…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-03-09 J. S. Diaz , F. R. Klinkhamer

We investigate the impact of prior models on the upper bound of the sum of neutrino masses, $\sum m_{\nu}$. We use data from Large Scale Structure of galaxies, Cosmic Microwave Background, Type Ia SuperNovae, and Big Bang Nucleosynthesis.…