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Patient-trial matching requires reasoning over long, heterogeneous electronic health records (EHRs) and complex eligibility criteria, posing significant challenges for scalability, generalization, and computational efficiency. Existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Xiaodi Li , Yang Xiao , Munhwan Lee , Konstantinos Leventakos , Young J. Juhn , David Jones , Terence T. Sio , Wei Liu , Maria Vassilaki , Nansu Zong

The primary aim of this research was to address the limitations observed in the medical knowledge of prevalent large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT, by creating a specialized language model with enhanced accuracy in medical advice.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Yunxiang Li , Zihan Li , Kai Zhang , Ruilong Dan , Steve Jiang , You Zhang

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has opened new boundaries in the extraction and synthesis of medical knowledge, particularly within evidence synthesis. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art applications of LLMs in…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have fundamentally transformed approaches to Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks across diverse domains. In healthcare, accurate and cost-efficient text classification is crucial, whether for clinical notes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Hajar Sakai , Sarah S. Lam

Biased AI-generated medical advice and misdiagnoses can jeopardize patient safety, making the integrity of AI in healthcare more critical than ever. As Large Language Models (LLMs) take on a growing role in medical decision-making,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Pardis Sadat Zahraei , Zahra Shakeri

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained significant attention in the medical domain for their human-level capabilities, leading to increased efforts to explore their potential in various healthcare applications. However, despite such a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Yifan Yang , Qiao Jin , Qingqing Zhu , Zhizheng Wang , Francisco Erramuspe Álvarez , Nicholas Wan , Benjamin Hou , Zhiyong Lu

Empowered by vast internal knowledge reservoir, the new generation of large language models (LLMs) demonstrate untapped potential to tackle medical tasks. However, there is insufficient effort made towards summoning up a synergic effect…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Kexin Shang , Chia-Hsuan Chang , Christopher C. Yang

Recent advances in artificial intelligence, particularly large language models LLMs, have shown promising capabilities in transforming rare disease research. This survey paper explores the integration of LLMs in the analysis of rare…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Valentina Carbonari , Pierangelo Veltri , Pietro Hiram Guzzi

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI), particularly Large Language Models (LLMs), offer powerful capabilities for interpreting the complex data landscape in healthcare. In this paper, we present a comprehensive overview of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Ankit Shetgaonkar , Dipen Pradhan , Lakshit Arora , Sanjay Surendranath Girija , Shashank Kapoor , Aman Raj

Network device and system health management is the foundation of modern network operations and maintenance. Traditional health management methods, relying on expert identification or simple rule-based algorithms, struggle to cope with the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Fengxiao Tang , Xiaonan Wang , Xun Yuan , Linfeng Luo , Ming Zhao , Tianchi Huang , Nei Kato

Rapid integration of large language models (LLMs) in health care is sparking global discussion about their potential to revolutionize health care quality and accessibility. At a time when improving health care quality and access remains a…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Troy Zada , Natalie Tam , Francois Barnard , Marlize Van Sittert , Venkat Bhat , Sirisha Rambhatla

Large language models (LLMs) constitute a breakthrough state-of-the-art Artificial Intelligence technology which is rapidly evolving and promises to aid in medical diagnosis. However, the correctness and the accuracy of their returns has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Dimitrios P. Panagoulias , Maria Virvou , George A. Tsihrintzis

Artificial intelligence has significantly advanced healthcare, particularly through large language models (LLMs) that excel in medical question answering benchmarks. However, their real-world clinical application remains limited due to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Zhihao Fan , Jialong Tang , Wei Chen , Siyuan Wang , Zhongyu Wei , Jun Xi , Fei Huang , Jingren Zhou

Structured data offers a sophisticated mechanism for the organization of information. Existing methodologies for the text-serialization of structured data in the context of large language models fail to adequately address the heterogeneity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 YiQiu Guo , Yuchen Yang , Ya Zhang , Yu Wang , Yanfeng Wang

We propose DISC-MedLLM, a comprehensive solution that leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) to provide accurate and truthful medical response in end-to-end conversational healthcare services. To construct high-quality Supervised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Zhijie Bao , Wei Chen , Shengze Xiao , Kuang Ren , Jiaao Wu , Cheng Zhong , Jiajie Peng , Xuanjing Huang , Zhongyu Wei

Cyber-physical systems have become an essential part of the modern healthcare industry. The healthcare cyber-physical systems (HCPS) combine physical and cyber components to improve the healthcare industry. While HCPS has many advantages,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Malithi Wanniarachchi Kankanamge , Syed Mhamudul Hasan , Abdur R. Shahid , Ning Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated surprising performance across various natural language processing tasks. Recently, medical LLMs enhanced with domain-specific knowledge have exhibited excellent capabilities in medical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Jinqiang Wang , Huansheng Ning , Yi Peng , Qikai Wei , Daniel Tesfai , Wenwei Mao , Tao Zhu , Runhe Huang

Artificial intelligence (AI) has gained significant attention in healthcare consultation due to its potential to improve clinical workflow and enhance medical communication. However, owing to the complex nature of medical information, large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Xiaolan Chen , Ziwei Zhao , Weiyi Zhang , Pusheng Xu , Le Gao , Mingpu Xu , Yue Wu , Yinwen Li , Danli Shi , Mingguang He

Patient matching is the process of linking patients to appropriate clinical trials by accurately identifying and matching their medical records with trial eligibility criteria. We propose LLM-Match, a novel framework for patient matching…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Xiaodi Li , Shaika Chowdhury , Chung Il Wi , Maria Vassilaki , Xiaoke Liu , Terence T Sio , Owen Garrick , Young J Juhn , James R Cerhan , Cui Tao , Nansu Zong

The healthcare industry is currently experiencing an unprecedented wave of cybersecurity attacks, impacting millions of individuals. With the discovery of thousands of vulnerabilities each month, there is a pressing need to drive the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Rikhiya Ghosh , Oladimeji Farri , Hans-Martin von Stockhausen , Martin Schmitt , George Marica Vasile