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Neural networks are increasingly used to support decision-making. To verify their reliability and adaptability, researchers and practitioners have proposed a variety of tools and methods for tasks such as NN code verification, refactoring,…
Large Language Models (LLMs), such as the GPT series, have driven significant industrial applications, leading to economic and societal transformations. However, a comprehensive understanding of their real-world applications remains…
Background: Open source software (OSS) libraries are critical components of modern software systems, yet their metadata-particularly links to source code repositories and donation platforms-is often incomplete, outdated, or inconsistent.…
The availability of vast amounts of publicly accessible data of source code and the advances in modern language models, coupled with increasing computational resources, have led to a remarkable surge in the development of large language…
Through the integration of external tools, large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-4o and Llama 3.1 significantly expand their functional capabilities, evolving from elementary conversational agents to general-purpose assistants. We argue…
With the rise of the library ecosystem (such as NPM for JavaScript and PyPI for Python), a developer has access to a multitude of library packages that they can adopt as dependencies into their application.Prior work has found that these…
Machine learning (ML) is now commonplace, powering data-driven applications in various organizations. Unlike the traditional perception of ML in research, ML production pipelines are complex, with many interlocking analytical components…
Developers gain productivity by reusing readily available Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) components. Such practices also bring some difficulties, such as managing licensing, components and related security. One approach to handle…
To ensure the fairness and trustworthiness of machine learning (ML) systems, recent legislative initiatives and relevant research in the ML community have pointed out the need to document the data used to train ML models. Besides,…
With the advent of open source software, a veritable treasure trove of previously proprietary software development data was made available. This opened the field of empirical software engineering research to anyone in academia. Data that is…
Preprocessing pipelines in deep learning aim to provide sufficient data throughput to keep the training processes busy. Maximizing resource utilization is becoming more challenging as the throughput of training processes increases with…
Training machine learning approaches for vulnerability identification and producing reliable tools to assist developers in implementing quality software -- free of vulnerabilities -- is challenging due to the lack of large datasets and real…
Vision-language models are integral to computer vision research, yet many high-performing models remain closed-source, obscuring their data, design and training recipe. The research community has responded by using distillation from…
Background: Open source requires participation of volunteer and commercial developers (users) in order to deliver functional high-quality components. Developers both contribute effort in the form of patches and demand effort from the…
The Software Bill of Materials (SBOM) has emerged as a promising solution, providing a machine-readable inventory of software components used, thus bolstering supply chain security. This paper presents an extensive study concerning the…
Developers frequently use APIs to implement certain functionalities, such as parsing Excel Files, reading and writing text files line by line, etc. Developers can greatly benefit from automatic API usage sequence generation based on natural…
Large language models (LLMs) leverage deep learning architectures to process and predict sequences of words, enabling them to perform a wide range of natural language processing tasks, such as translation, summarization, question answering,…
Practically all large language models have been pre-trained on data that is subject to global uncertainty related to copyright infringement and breach of contract. This creates potential risk for users and developers due to this uncertain…
A large scale collection of both semantic and natural language resources is essential to leverage active Software Engineering research areas such as code reuse and code comprehensibility. Existing machine learning models ingest data from…
Probabilistic graphical models (PGMs) serve as a powerful framework for modeling complex systems with uncertainty and extracting valuable insights from data. However, users face challenges when applying PGMs to their problems in terms of…