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We discuss a general method to study linear perturbations of slowly rotating black holes which is valid for any perturbation field, and particularly advantageous when the field equations are not separable. As an illustration of the method…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-11 Paolo Pani , Vitor Cardoso , Leonardo Gualtieri , Emanuele Berti , Akihiro Ishibashi

Motivated by gravitational wave observations of binary black hole mergers, we present a procedure to compute the leading order nonlinear gravitational wave interactions around a Kerr black hole. We describe the formalism used to derive the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-05-26 Nicholas Loutrel , Justin L. Ripley , Elena Giorgi , Frans Pretorius

We construct the metric perturbation in Lorenz gauge for a compact body on a circular equatorial orbit of a rotating black hole (Kerr) spacetime, using a newly-developed method of separation of variables. The metric perturbation is formed…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-07-10 Sam R Dolan , Leanne Durkan , Chris Kavanagh , Barry Wardell

Motivated by the desire to understand the leading order nonlinear gravitational wave interactions around arbitrarily rapidly rotating Kerr black holes, we describe a numerical code designed to compute second order vacuum perturbations on…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-05-26 Justin L. Ripley , Nicholas Loutrel , Elena Giorgi , Frans Pretorius

The theory of perturbations of spherically symmetric self-similar black holes is presented, in the Newman-Penrose formalism. It is shown that the wave equations for gravitational, electromagnetic, and scalar waves are separable, though not…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-06-25 A. J. S. Hamilton

We compute the radiation emitted by a particle on the innermost stable circular orbit of a rapidly spinning black hole both (a) analytically, working to leading order in the deviation from extremality and (b) numerically, with a new…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-09-30 Samuel E. Gralla , Achilleas P. Porfyriadis , Niels Warburton

As shown by Teukolsky, the master equation governing the propagation of weak radiation in a black hole spacetime can be separated into four ordinary differential equations, one for each spacetime coordinate. (``Weak'' means the radiation's…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-17 Scott A. Hughes

We identify a set of Hertz potentials for solutions to the vector wave equation on black hole spacetimes. The Hertz potentials yield Lorenz gauge electromagnetic vector potentials that represent physical solutions to the Maxwell equations,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-05-16 Barry Wardell , Chris Kavanagh

Gravitational perturbations in a Kerr black hole background can not be decomposed into simple tensor harmonics in the time domain. Here, we make the mode decomposition only in the azimuthal direction and discuss the resulting…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-01-18 Hiroyuki Nakano , Carlos O. Lousto

Modifications to general relativity lead to effects in the spectrum of quasi-normal modes of black holes. In this paper, we develop a parametrized formalism to describe deviations from general relativity in the Teukolsky equation, which…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-10-31 Pablo A. Cano , Lodovico Capuano , Nicola Franchini , Simon Maenaut , Sebastian H. Völkel

Much of the success of gravitational-wave astronomy rests on perturbation theory. Historically, perturbative analysis of gravitational-wave sources has largely focused on post-Newtonian theory. However, strong-field perturbation theory is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-01-26 Adam Pound , Barry Wardell

Employing the Newman-Penrose formalism and following the classic Teukolsky-like approach, we linearise the field equations of quadratic gravity on the Kerr background and combine them with the linearised Ricci and Bianch identities. This…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-30 Simon Knoska , David Kofron , Robert Svarc

We describe the Kerr black hole in the ingoing and outgoing Kerr-Schild horizon penetrating coordinates. Starting from the null vector naturally defined in these coordinates, we construct the null tetrad for each case, as well as the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-05-07 Claudia Moreno , Dario Nunez

A new version of the Teukolksy Master Equation, describing any massless field of different spin $s=1/2,1,3/2,2$ in the Kerr black hole, is presented here in the form of a wave equation containing additional curvature terms. These results…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 Donato Bini , Christian Cherubini , Robert T Jantzen , Remo J. Ruffini

Superradiant scattering of linear spin $s=0,\pm 1,\pm 2$ fields on Kerr black hole background is investigated in the time domain by integrating numerically the homogeneous Teukolsky master equation. The applied numerical setup has already…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-04-26 Károly Zoltán Csukás , István Rácz

We calculate the linear vacuum perturbations of a Kerr black hole surrounded by a slowly-varying external spacetime to third order in the ratio of the black-hole mass to the radius of curvature of the external spacetime. This expansion…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-02-13 Katerina Chatziioannou , Eric Poisson , Nicolas Yunes

Recent measurements of gravitational-wave ringdown following the merger of binary black holes raise the prospect of precision black hole spectroscopy in the near future. To perform the most sensitive tests of the nature of black holes using…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-11-23 Asad Hussain , Aaron Zimmerman

Weak gravitational, electromagnetic, neutrino and scalar fields, considered as perturbations on Kerr background satisfy Teukolsky Master Equation. The two non-trivial equations obtained after separating the variables are the polar angle…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-10-14 Roumen S. Borissov , Plamen P. Fiziev

Inspirals of stellar-mass objects into massive black holes will be important sources for the space-based gravitational-wave detector LISA. Modelling these systems requires calculating the metric perturbation due to a point particle orbiting…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-01-03 Vahid Toomani , Peter Zimmerman , Andrew Spiers , Stefan Hollands , Adam Pound , Stephen R. Green

Black hole perturbation theory on spherically symmetric backgrounds has been instrumental in establishing various aspects about the gravitational dynamics close to black holes, and continues to be an interesting avenue to confront current…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-01-22 Gowtham Rishi Mukkamala , David Pereñiguez