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M dwarfs are magnetically active stars that frequently produce flares, which have implications for both stellar evolution and exoplanet studies. Flare occurrence rates and activity levels of M dwarfs correlate with stellar characteristics…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-20 Benjamin K. Capistrant , Jason Dittmann

M dwarfs are the most common stars in the galaxy, with long lifespans, a high occurrence rate of rocky planets, and close-in habitable zones. However, high stellar activity in the form of frequent flaring and any associated coronal mass…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-10 Tayt Armitage , David V. Martin , Romy Rodríguez Martínez

Stars which are rapidly rotating are expected to show high levels of activity according to the activity-rotation relation. However, previous TESS studies have found Ultra Fast Rotating (UFR) M dwarfs with periods less than one day…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-02 Lauren Doyle , Stefano Bagnulo , Gavin Ramsay , Gerry Doyle , Pasi Hakala

Studies of the rotation and activity of M type stars are essential to enhance our understanding of stellar dynamos and angular momentum evolution. Using the outstanding photometric capabilities of space telescopes rotation signals even with…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-17 St. Raetz , B. Stelzer

Most M dwarfs show higher chromospheric activity, often exceeding solar levels. Characterizing stellar activity is essential, particularly since these stars are prime targets in the search for habitable exoplanets. We investigate the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-14 A. S. Rajpurohit , V. Kumar , K. Srivastava Mudit , L. Labadie , K. Rajpurohit , J. G. Fernandez-Trincado

The evolution of magnetism in late-type dwarfs remains murky, as we can only weakly predict levels of activity for M dwarfs of a given mass and age. We report results from our spectroscopic survey of M dwarfs in the Southern Continuous…

Flares are short-lived but energetic manifestations of stellar activity. Studying them is crucial, as they emit intense high-energy radiation that can impact the circumstellar environment, especially the atmospheres of orbiting planets.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-22 G. Galletta , S. Colombo , L. Prisinzano , G. Micela

TESS has proven to be a powerful resource for finding planets, including those that orbit the most prevalent stars in our galaxy: the M dwarfs. Identification of stellar companions (both bound and unbound) has become a standard component of…

Detailed atmospheric characterization of exoplanets by transmission spectroscopy requires careful consideration of stellar surface inhomogeneities induced by starspots. This effect is particularly problematic for planetary systems around…

According to activity-rotation relations, rapid rotators are expected to show high levels of magnetic activity. However, recent studies with TESS have found Ultra Fast Rotating (UFR) M dwarfs with periods $<1$ d displaying low levels of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-10 Lauren Doyle , George W. King , Gavin Ramsay , Lía R. Corrales , Stefano Bagnulo , J. Gerry Doyle , Pasi Hakala

Stellar activity and rotation frustrate the detection of exoplanets through the radial velocity technique. This effect is particularly of concern for M dwarfs, which can remain magnetically active for billions of years. We compile rotation…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-27 Elisabeth R. Newton , Jonathan Irwin , David Charbonneau , Zachory K. Berta-Thompson , Jason A. Dittmann

We perform a study of stellar flares for the 24,809 stars observed with 2 minute cadence during the first two months of the TESS mission. Flares may erode exoplanets' atmospheres and impact their habitability, but might also trigger the…

M dwarfs are active stars that exhibit variability in chromospheric emission and photometry at short and long timescales, including long cycles that are related to dynamo processes. This activity also impacts the search for exoplanets…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-19 L. Mignon , N. Meunier , X. Delfosse , X. Bonfils , N. C. Santos , T. Forveille , G. Gaisné , N. Astudillo-Defru , C. Lovis , S. Udry

We investigate the planetary transit detectability in the presence of stellar rotational activity from light curves for young M-dwarfs and estimate improvements of the detection at near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths. Making maps of the transit…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-14 Kohei Miyakawa , Teruyuki Hirano , Bun'ei Sato , Satoshi Okuzumi , Eric Gaidos

We present a study of the activity-rotation relation for M dwarf stars, using new X-ray data from the ROentgen Survey with an Imaging Telescope Array (eROSITA) on board the Russian Spektrum-Roentgen-Gamma mission (SRG), combined with…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-26 E. Magaudda , B. Stelzer , St. Raetz

We determine the starspot detection rate in exoplanetary transit light curves for M and K dwarf stars observed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) using various starspot filling factors and starspot distributions. We used…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-02 J. Tregloan-Reed , E. Unda-Sanzana

Photometric space missions like Kepler and TESS continuously discover new exoplanets and advance the search for a second habitable world. The light curves recorded by these telescopes also reveal signs of magnetic activity, such as star…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-16 Mirjam Bogner , Beate Stelzer , Stefanie Raetz

Radial velocities (RVs) measured from high-resolution stellar spectra are routinely used to detect and characterise orbiting exoplanet companions. The different lines present in stellar spectra are created by several species, which are…

Stellar activity poses one of the main obstacles for the detection and characterisation of small exoplanets around cool stars, as it can induce radial velocity (RV) signals that can hide or mimic the presence of planetary companions.…

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