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Climate science studies the structure and dynamics of Earth's climate system and seeks to understand how climate changes over time, where the data is usually stored in the format of time series, recording the climate features, geolocation,…

This paper presents a novel spatio-temporal LSTM (SPATIAL) architecture for time series forecasting applied to environmental datasets. The framework was evaluated across multiple sensors and for three different oceanic variables: current…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-08-27 Yihao Hu , Fearghal O'Donncha , Paulito Palmes , Meredith Burke , Ramon Filgueira , Jon Grant

Subseasonal forecasting of the weather two to six weeks in advance is critical for resource allocation and advance disaster notice but poses many challenges for the forecasting community. At this forecast horizon, physics-based dynamical…

Prediction of dynamic environmental variables in unmonitored sites remains a long-standing challenge for water resources science. The majority of the world's freshwater resources have inadequate monitoring of critical environmental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Jared D. Willard , Charuleka Varadharajan , Xiaowei Jia , Vipin Kumar

While single-tree transpiration is challenging to compare with earth observation, canopy scale data are suitable for this purpose. To test the potentialities of the second approach, we equipped the trees at two measurement sites with sap…

Applications · Statistics 2021-08-05 Enrico Tomelleri , Giustino Tonon

The sharp and recent increase in the availability of data captured by different sensors combined with their considerably heterogeneous natures poses a serious challenge for the effective and efficient processing of remotely sensed data.…

Lake ice, as part of the Essential Climate Variable (ECV) lakes, is an important indicator to monitor climate change and global warming. The spatio-temporal extent of lake ice cover, along with the timings of key phenological events such as…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-08 Manu Tom , Roberto Aguilar , Pascal Imhof , Silvan Leinss , Emmanuel Baltsavias , Konrad Schindler

Effective water quality monitoring in coastal regions is crucial due to the progressive deterioration caused by pollution and human activities. To address this, this study develops time-series models to predict chlorophyll-a (Chl-a),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Rohin Sood , Kevin Zhu

Regularly updated and accurate land cover maps are essential for monitoring 14 of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals. Multispectral satellite imagery provide high-quality and valuable information at global scale that can be used to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Hamed Alemohammad , Kevin Booth

Access to labeled reference data is one of the grand challenges in supervised machine learning endeavors. This is especially true for an automated analysis of remote sensing images on a global scale, which enables us to address global…

Environmental disasters such as flash floods are becoming more and more prevalent and carry an increasing burden on human civilization. They are usually unpredictable, fast in development, and extend across large geographical areas. The…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-30 Kun Qian , Christian G. Claudel

With the exacerbation of the biodiversity and climate crises, macroecological pursuits such as global biodiversity mapping become more urgent. Remote sensing offers a wealth of Earth observation data for ecological studies, but the scarcity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Elena Plekhanova , Damien Robert , Johannes Dollinger , Emilia Arens , Philipp Brun , Jan Dirk Wegner , Niklaus Zimmermann

Multi-source precipitation products (MSPs) from satellite retrievals and reanalysis are widely used for hydroclimatic monitoring, yet spatially heterogeneous biases and limited skill for extremes still constrain their hydrologic utility.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Yuchen Ye , Zixuan Qi , Shixuan Li , Wei Qi , Yanpeng Cai , Chaoxia Yuan

This study investigates how conditional normalizing flows can be applied to remote sensing data products in climate science for spatio-temporal prediction. The method is chosen due to its desired properties such as exact likelihood…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Christina Winkler , David Rolnick

With weather becoming more extreme both in terms of longer dry periods and more severe rain events, municipal water networks are increasingly under pressure. The effects include damages to the pipes, flash floods on the streets and combined…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-02-18 Felix Lorenz , Morgan Geldenhuys , Harald Sommer , Frauke Jakobs , Carsten Lüring , Volker Skwarek , Ilja Behnke , Lauritz Thamsen

The temporal and spatial resolution of rainfall data is crucial for environmental modeling studies in which its variability in space and time is considered as a primary factor. Rainfall products from different remote sensing instruments…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-23 Muhammed Sit , Bong-Chul Seo , Ibrahim Demir

Synergetic use of sensors for soil moisture retrieval is attracting considerable interest due to the different advantages of different sensors. Active, passive, and optic data integration could be a comprehensive solution for exploiting the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-30 Reza Attarzadeh , Hossein Bagheri , Iman Khosravi , Saeid Niazmardi , Davood Akbarid

Due to its cloud-penetrating capability and independence from solar illumination, satellite Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is the preferred data source for large-scale flood mapping, providing global coverage and including various land…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Jie Zhao , Zhitong Xiong , Xiao Xiang Zhu

In response to climate change, assessing crop productivity under extreme weather conditions is essential to enhance food security. Crop simulation models, which align with physical processes, offer explainability but often perform poorly.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Miro Miranda , Marcela Charfuelan , Andreas Dengel

The availability of temporal geospatial data in multiple modalities has been extensively leveraged to enhance the performance of machine learning models. While efforts on the design of adequate model architectures are approaching a level of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Hiba Najjar , Marlon Nuske , Andreas Dengel