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Score-based diffusion models, while achieving remarkable empirical performance, often suffer from low sampling speed, due to extensive function evaluations needed during the sampling phase. Despite a flurry of recent activities towards…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Gen Li , Yu Huang , Timofey Efimov , Yuting Wei , Yuejie Chi , Yuxin Chen

We propose a deterministic sampling framework using Score-Based Transport Modeling for sampling an unnormalized target density $\pi$ given only its score $\nabla \log \pi$. Our method approximates the Wasserstein gradient flow on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Vasily Ilin , Peter Sushko , Jingwei Hu

We propose a relative entropy gradient sampler (REGS) for sampling from unnormalized distributions. REGS is a particle method that seeks a sequence of simple nonlinear transforms iteratively pushing the initial samples from a reference…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-10-07 Xingdong Feng , Yuan Gao , Jian Huang , Yuling Jiao , Xu Liu

We study the problem of estimating a sequence of evolving probability distributions from historical data, where the underlying distribution changes over time in a nonstationary and nonparametric manner. To capture gradual changes, we…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-16 Edward J. Anderson , Dominic S. T. Keehan

Beyond their impressive sampling capabilities, score-based diffusion models offer a powerful analysis tool in the form of unbiased density estimation of a query sample under the training data distribution. In this work, we investigate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Marius Arvinte , Cory Cornelius , Jason Martin , Nageen Himayat

Recent years have witnessed significant progress in developing effective training and fast sampling techniques for diffusion models. A remarkable advancement is the use of stochastic differential equations (SDEs) and their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Defang Chen , Zhenyu Zhou , Jian-Ping Mei , Chunhua Shen , Chun Chen , Can Wang

A generative model based on a continuous-time normalizing flow between any pair of base and target probability densities is proposed. The velocity field of this flow is inferred from the probability current of a time-dependent density that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Michael S. Albergo , Eric Vanden-Eijnden

Diffusion models accomplish remarkable success in data generation tasks across various domains. However, the iterative sampling process is computationally expensive. Consistency models are proposed to learn consistency functions to map from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Yiding Chen , Yiyi Zhang , Owen Oertell , Wen Sun

Sampling from nonsmooth target probability distributions is essential in various applications, including the Bayesian Lasso. We propose a splitting-based sampling algorithm for the time-implicit discretization of the probability flow for…

Computation · Statistics 2025-07-14 Fuqun Han , Stanley Osher , Wuchen Li

It is well known that nonlinear diffusion equations can be interpreted as a gradient flow in the space of probability measures equipped with the Euclidean Wasserstein distance. Under suitable convexity conditions on the nonlinearity, due to…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2014-02-13 François Bolley , José A. Carrillo

We investigate the use of diffusion models as neural density estimators. The current approach to this problem involves converting the generative process to a smooth flow, known as the Probability Flow ODE. The log density at a given sample…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Akhil Premkumar

Score based approaches to sampling have shown much success as a generative algorithm to produce new samples from a target density given a pool of initial samples. In this work, we consider if we have no initial samples from the target…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-12-08 Curtis McDonald , Andrew Barron

Diffusion models have revolutionized various application domains, including computer vision and audio generation. Despite the state-of-the-art performance, diffusion models are known for their slow sample generation due to the extensive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Zehao Dou , Minshuo Chen , Mengdi Wang , Zhuoran Yang

The problem of efficiently generating random samples from high-dimensional and non-log-concave posterior measures arising from nonlinear regression problems is considered. Extending investigations from arXiv:2009.05298, local and global…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-04-18 Jan Bohr , Richard Nickl

We present a framework enabling variational data assimilation for gradient flows in general metric spaces, based on the minimizing movement (or Jordan-Kinderlehrer-Otto) approximation scheme. After discussing stability properties in the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-01-18 Jan-F. Pietschmann , Matthias Schlottbom

Score-based diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable empirical success in learning high-dimensional distributions, particularly those exhibiting low-dimensional and multi-modal structures. However, theoretical understanding of their…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-29 Jingda Wu , Changxiao Cai

Current techniques for Out-of-Distribution (OoD) detection predominantly rely on quantifying predictive uncertainty and incorporating model regularization during the training phase, using either real or synthetic OoD samples. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Xiaoyang Song , Wenbo Sun , Maher Nouiehed , Raed Al Kontar , Judy Jin

Score Distillation Sampling (SDS) and its variants have been widely used for text-to-3D generation by distilling 2D image diffusion priors. However, the standard SDS objective is prone to severe mode collapse, frequently yielding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Rohith Ramanan , A. N. Rajagopalan

The performance of flow matching and diffusion models can be greatly improved at inference time using reward alignment algorithms, yet efficiency remains a major limitation. While several algorithms were proposed, we demonstrate that a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Peter Holderrieth , Uriel Singer , Tommi Jaakkola , Ricky T. Q. Chen , Yaron Lipman , Brian Karrer

We present a framework that allows for the non-asymptotic study of the $2$-Wasserstein distance between the invariant distribution of an ergodic stochastic differential equation and the distribution of its numerical approximation in the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-09-27 J. M. Sanz-Serna , Konstantinos C. Zygalakis