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We propose the variational quantum singular value decomposition based on encoding the elements of the considered { $N\times N$} matrix into the state of a quantum system of appropriate dimension. This method doesn't use the expansion of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-05 Alexander I. Zenchuk , Wentao Qi , Junde Wu

We introduce a simple algorithm that efficiently computes tensor products of Pauli matrices. This is done by tailoring the calculations to this specific case, which allows to avoid unnecessary calculations. The strength of this strategy is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-20 Sebastián V. Romero , Juan Santos-Suárez

Learning about physical systems from quantum-enhanced experiments, relying on a quantum memory and quantum processing, can outperform learning from experiments in which only classical memory and processing are available. Whereas quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-21 Matthias C. Caro

Estimating properties of quantum states, such as fidelities, molecular energies, and correlation functions, is a fundamental task in quantum information science. Due to the limitation of practical quantum devices, including limited circuit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-17 Bujiao Wu , Lingyu Kong , Yuxuan Yan , Fuchuan Wei , Zhenhuan Liu

Analysis of quantum processes, especially in the context of noise, errors, and decoherence is essential for the improvement of quantum devices. An intuitive representation of those processes modeled by quantum channels are Pauli transfer…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-25 Lukas Hantzko , Lennart Binkowski , Sabhyata Gupta

The cost of measuring quantum expectation values of an operator can be reduced by grouping the Pauli string ($SU(2)$ tensor product) decomposition of the operator into maximally commuting sets. We detail an algorithm, presented in [1], to…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2023-11-16 Nouman Butt , Andrew Lytle , Ben Reggio , Patrick Draper

We introduce and investigate a data access model (approximate sample and query) that is satisfiable by the preparation and measurement of block encoded states, as well as in contexts such as classical quantum circuit simulation or Pauli…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-18 Miguel Murça , Paul K. Faehrmann , Yasser Omar

A key task in quantum computation is the application of a sequence of gates implementing a specific unitary operation. However, the decomposition of an arbitrary unitary operation into simpler quantum gates is a nontrivial problem. Here we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-23 Swathi S. Hegde , K. R. Koteswara Rao , T. S. Mahesh

The estimation of many-qubit observables is an essential task of quantum information processing. The generally applicable approach is to decompose the observables into weighted sums of multi-qubit Pauli strings, i.e., tensor products of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-17 Liubov A. Markovich , Attaallah Almasi , Sina Zeytinoğlu , Johannes Borregaard

Quantum ptychography is a method for estimating an unknown pure quantum state by subjecting it to overlapping projections, each one followed by a projective measurement on a single prescribed basis. Here, we present a comprehensive study of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-04 Warley M. S. Alves , Leonardo Neves

We propose a new quantum computing formalism named Pauli quantum computing. In this formalism, we use the Pauli basis $I$ and $X$ on the non-diagonal blocks of density matrices to encode information and treat them as the computational basis…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-05 Zhong-Xia Shang

We develop several algorithms for performing quantum phase estimation based on basic measurements and classical post-processing. We present a pedagogical review of quantum phase estimation and simulate the algorithm to numerically determine…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-07-30 Krysta M. Svore , Matthew B. Hastings , Michael Freedman

We describe an algorithm for using a quantum computer to calculate mean values of observables and the partition function of a quantum system. Our algorithm includes two sub-algorithms. The first sub-algorithm is for calculating, with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-11-10 Robert R. Tucci

We show a certain kind of non-local operations can be simulated by sampling a set of local operations with a quasi-probability distribution when the task of a quantum circuit is to evaluate an expectation value of observables. Utilizing the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-14 Kosuke Mitarai , Keisuke Fujii

Accurately estimating expectation values of quantum observables with as few measurements as possible is crucial to many quantum computing applications. We introduce a framework that covers many of existing measurement strategies and…

Unitary decomposition is a widely used method to map quantum algorithms to an arbitrary set of quantum gates. Efficient implementation of this decomposition allows for translation of bigger unitary gates into elementary quantum operations,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-14 A. M. Krol , A. Sarkar , I. Ashraf , Z. Al-Ars , K. Bertels

In this paper we describe in detail and generalize a method for quantum process tomography that was presented in [A. Bendersky, F. Pastawski, J. P. Paz, Physical Review Letters 100, 190403 (2008)]. The method enables the efficient…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Ariel Bendersky , Fernando Pastawski , Juan Pablo Paz

Measuring properties of quantum systems is a fundamental problem in quantum mechanics. We provide a simple method for estimating the expectation value of observables with an unknown quantum state. The idea is to use a data structure to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-25 Naixu Guo , Feng Pan , Patrick Rebentrost

The Pauli strings appearing in the decomposition of an operator can be can be grouped into commuting families, reducing the number of quantum circuits needed to measure the expectation value of the operator. We detail an algorithm to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-31 Ben Reggio , Nouman Butt , Andrew Lytle , Patrick Draper

We introduce two kinds of quantum algorithms to explore microcanonical and canonical properties of many-body systems. The first one is a hybrid quantum algorithm that, given an efficiently preparable state, computes expectation values in a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-19 Sirui Lu , Mari Carmen Bañuls , J. Ignacio Cirac