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We study the full distribution $P_{N}\left(A\right)$ of sums $A = \sum_{i=1}^N$ where $x_1, \dots, x_N$ are $N \gg 1$ independent and identically distributed random variables each sampled from a given distribution $p(x)$ with a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-07-09 Naftali R. Smith

Let $A_1, A_2, \ldots, A_n$ be events in a sample space. Given the probability of the intersection of each collection of up to $k+1$ of these events, what can we say about the probability that at least $r$ of the events occur? This question…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-20 Ilan Adler , Richard M. Karp , Sheldon M. Ross

We examine the conditions under which the sum of random multiplicative functions in short intervals, given by $\sum_{x<n \leqslant x+y} f(n)$, exhibits the phenomenon of \textit{better than square-root cancellation}. We establish that the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-02-12 Rachid Caich

In this paper, we consider the sum-product problem of obtaining lower bounds for the size of the set $$\frac{A+A}{A+A}:=\left \{ \frac{a+b}{c+d} : a,b,c,d \in A, c+d \neq 0 \right\},$$ for an arbitrary finite set $A$ of real numbers. The…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-05-17 Oliver Roche-Newton

We study asymptotic behavior of the moments $M_k(\lambda)$ of the sum $X_1+\dots+X_{N_\lambda}$, where $N_\lambda$ follows the Poisson probability distribution with mean value $\lambda$ and $\{X_j\}$ is a family of i.i.d. random variables…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-11-08 O. Khorunzhiy

We consider the problem of choosing design parameters to minimize the probability of an undesired rare event that is described through the average of $n$ iid random variables. Since the probability of interest for near optimal design…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-02-22 Amarjit Budhiraja , Shu Lu , Yang Yu , Quoc Tran-Dinh

In this paper, we consider approximating expansions for the distribution of integer valued random variables, in circumstances in which convergence in law cannot be expected. The setting is one in which the simplest approximation to the…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-12-11 A. D. Barbour , E. Kowalski , A. Nikeghbali

We consider the problem of sums of dilates in groups of prime order. We show that given $A\subset \Z{p}$ of sufficiently small density then $$\big| \lambda_{1}A+\lambda_{2}A+...+ \lambda_{k}A \big|…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-03-15 Gonzalo Fiz Pontiveros

Let $\{Y_i,-\infty<i<\infty\}$ be a doubly infinite sequence of identically distributed, negatively dependent random variables under sub-linear expectations, $\{a_i,-\infty<i<\infty\}$ be an absolutely summable sequence of real numbers. In…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-07-26 Mingzhou Xu , Kun Cheng , Wangke Yu

We investigate additive properties of sets $A,$ where $A=\{a_1,a_2,\ldots ,a_k\}$ is a monotone increasing set of real numbers, and the differences of consecutive elements are all distinct. It is known that $|A+B|\geq c|A||B|^{1/2}$ for any…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-07-01 Imre Ruzsa , Jozsef Solymosi

Let $A$ be a set of finite integers, define $$A+A \ = \ \{a_1+a_2: a_1,a_2 \in A\}, \ \ \ A-A \ = \ \{a_1-a_2: a_1,a_2 \in A\},$$ and for non-negative integers $s$ and $d$ define $$sA-dA\ =\ \underbrace{A+\cdots+A}_{s}…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-09-09 Elena Kim , Steven J. Miller

For a set $A \subset \mathbb{N}$ we characterize in terms of its density when there exists an infinite set $B \subset \mathbb{N}$ and $t \in \{0,1\}$ such that $B+B \subset A-t$, where $B+B : =\{b_1+b_2\colon b_1,b_2 \in B\}$. Specifically,…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-04-22 Ioannis Kousek , Tristán Radić

For $p$ prime, $A \subseteq \mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z}$ and $\lambda \in \mathbb{Z}$, the sum of dilates $A + \lambda \cdot A$ is defined by \[A + \lambda \cdot A = \{a + \lambda a' : a, a' \in A\}.\] The basic problem on such sums of dilates…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-26 David Conlon , Jeck Lim

A random variable is sampled from a discrete distribution. The missing mass is the probability of the set of points not observed in the sample. We sharpen and simplify McAllester and Ortiz's results (JMLR, 2003) bounding the probability of…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-10-12 Daniel Berend , Aryeh Kontorovich

For a fixed unit vector a=(a_1,a_2,...,a_n) in S^{n-1}, i.e. sum_{i=1}^n a_i^2=1, we consider the 2^n sign vectors epsilon=(epsilon_1,epsilon_2,...,epsilon_n) in {-1,1}^n and the corresponding scalar products a.epsilon=sum_{i=1}^n a_i…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-10-04 Harrie Hendriks , Martien C. A. van Zuijlen

This paper explores the joint behaviour of the summands of a random walk when their mean value goes to infinity as its length increases. It is proved that all the summands must share the same value, which extends previous results in the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-05-30 Michel Broniatowski , Zhansheng Cao

In the seminal contribution [4] the joint weak convergence of maxima and minima of weakly dependent stationary sequences is derived under some mild asymptotic conditions. In this paper we address additionally the case of incomplete samples…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-10-08 Enkelejd Hashorva , Zhichao Weng

We investigate subsets with small sumset in arbitrary abelian groups. For an abelian group $G$ and an $n$-element subset $Y \subseteq G$ we show that if $m \ll s^2/(\log n)^2$, then the number of subsets $A \subseteq Y$ with $|A| = s$ and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-15 Dingyuan Liu , Letícia Mattos , Tibor Szabó

Asymptotics deviation probabilities of the sum S n = X 1 + $\times$ $\times$ $\times$ + X n of independent and identically distributed real-valued random variables have been extensively investigated, in particular when X 1 is not…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-01-21 Fabien Brosset , Thierry Klein , Agnès Lagnoux , Pierre Petit

We study the asymptotic behaviour of additive functionals of random walks in random scenery. We establish bounds for the moments of the local time of the Kesten and Spitzer process.These bounds combined with a previous moment convergence…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-01-05 Françoise Pene