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Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are a framework for graph representation learning, where a model learns to generate low dimensional node embeddings that encapsulate structural and feature-related information. GNNs are usually trained in an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Davide Buffelli , Fabio Vandin

Oversmoothing is a fundamental challenge in graph neural networks (GNNs): as the number of layers increases, node embeddings become increasingly similar, and model performance drops sharply. Traditionally, oversmoothing has been quantified…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Kaicheng Zhang , Piero Deidda , Desmond Higham , Francesco Tudisco

Graph embedding techniques, which learn low-dimensional representations of a graph, are achieving state-of-the-art performance in many graph mining tasks. Most existing embedding algorithms assign a single vector to each node, implicitly…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Jisung Yoon , Kai-Cheng Yang , Woo-Sung Jung , Yong-Yeol Ahn

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have become the state-of-the-art method for many applications on graph structured data. GNNs are a model for graph representation learning, which aims at learning to generate low dimensional node embeddings that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Davide Buffelli , Fabio Vandin

Graph Convolutional Networks (GCN) is a pioneering model for graph-based semi-supervised learning. However, GCN does not perform well on sparsely-labeled graphs. Its two-layer version cannot effectively propagate the label information to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Wei Ye , Zexi Huang , Yunqi Hong , Ambuj Singh

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as a cornerstone of deep learning, with most existing methods rooted in graph signal processing and diffusion equations to model message passing. However, these approaches inherently suffer from the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Zexing Zhao , Guangsi Shi , Yu Gong , Tianyu Wang , Shirui Pan , Hongye Cheng , Yuxiao Li

Geometric deep learning has made great strides towards generalizing the design of structure-aware neural networks from traditional domains to non-Euclidean ones, giving rise to graph neural networks (GNN) that can be applied to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-28 Frederik Wenkel , Yimeng Min , Matthew Hirn , Michael Perlmutter , Guy Wolf

Graph convolutional networks (GCNs) are a powerful deep learning approach for graph-structured data. Recently, GCNs and subsequent variants have shown superior performance in various application areas on real-world datasets. Despite their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Ming Chen , Zhewei Wei , Zengfeng Huang , Bolin Ding , Yaliang Li

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are designed to process data associated with graphs. They are finding an increasing range of applications; however, as with other modern machine learning techniques, their theoretical understanding is limited.…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2026-02-23 O. Duranthon , L. Zdeborová

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have established themselves as the preferred methodology in a multitude of domains, ranging from computer vision to computational biology, especially in contexts where data inherently conform to graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Yifan Qu , Oliver Krzysik , Hans De Sterck , Omer Ege Kara

The graph structure is a commonly used data storage mode, and it turns out that the low-dimensional embedded representation of nodes in the graph is extremely useful in various typical tasks, such as node classification, link prediction ,…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-08-03 Xing Li , Wei Wei , Xiangnan Feng , Xue Liu , Zhiming Zheng

Community Detection algorithms are used to detect densely connected components in complex networks and reveal underlying relationships among components. As a special type of networks, spatial networks are usually generated by the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Yunlei Liang , Jiawei Zhu , Wen Ye , Song Gao

Network embeddings have become very popular in learning effective feature representations of networks. Motivated by the recent successes of embeddings in natural language processing, researchers have tried to find network embeddings in…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2017-02-23 Bijaya Adhikari , Yao Zhang , Naren Ramakrishnan , B. Aditya Prakash

Graph Neural Networks learn on graph-structured data by iteratively aggregating local neighborhood information. While this local message passing paradigm imparts a powerful inductive bias and exploits graph sparsity, it also yields three…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Ryien Hosseini , Filippo Simini , Venkatram Vishwanath , Rebecca Willett , Henry Hoffmann

Graph embedding is a transformation of nodes of a graph into a set of vectors. A~good embedding should capture the graph topology, node-to-node relationship, and other relevant information about the graph, its subgraphs, and nodes. If these…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Arash Dehghan-Kooshkghazi , Bogumił Kamiński , Łukasz Kraiński , Paweł Prałat , François Théberge

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) set the state-of-the-art in representation learning for graph-structured data. They are used in many domains, from online social networks to complex molecules. Most GNNs leverage the message-passing paradigm and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Tuğrul Hasan Karabulut , İnci M. Baytaş

Graph embedding techniques allow to learn high-quality feature vectors from graph structures and are useful in a variety of tasks, from node classification to clustering. Existing approaches have only focused on learning feature vectors for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-05-29 Valeria Fionda , Giuseppe Pirró

Network embedding aims to represent each node in a network as a low-dimensional feature vector that summarizes the given node's (extended) network neighborhood. The nodes' feature vectors can then be used in various downstream machine…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2018-05-22 Shawn Gu , Tijana Milenkovic

This study presents a novel method combining Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) and Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) for generating packet-level header traces. By incorporating word2vec embeddings, this work significantly mitigates the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Zhen Xu

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are models that leverage the graph structure to transmit information between nodes, typically through the message-passing operation. While widely successful, this approach is well known to suffer from the…