Related papers: Diagonals and Block-Ordered Relations
Order of magnitude reasoning - reasoning by rough comparisons of the sizes of quantities - is often called 'back of the envelope calculation', with the implication that the calculations are quick though approximate. This paper exhibits an…
Diophantine approximation is the problem of approximating a real number by rational numbers. We propose a version of this in which the numerators are approximately related to the denominators by a Laurent polynomial. Our definition is…
This paper proposes decoupling the dependency tree from word order, such that surface ordering is not determined by traversing the dependency tree. We develop the notion of a \emph{word order domain structure}, which is linked but…
I lay out the problem of time facets as arising piecemeal from a number of aspects of background independence. Almost all of these already have simpler classical counterparts. This approach can be viewed as a facet by facet completion of…
The aim of this expository article is to present recent developments in the centuries old discussion on the interrelations between continuous and differentiable real valued functions of one real variable. The truly new results include,…
In a previous paper we considered a sequence of maps on a complete metric space $(X,d)$ and derived an extension of the Banach fixed point theorem. We showed that backward trajectories of maps $X\to X$ converge under mild conditions and…
Relation extraction (RE) is a standard information extraction task playing a major role in downstream applications such as knowledge discovery and question answering. Although decoder-only large language models are excelling in generative…
Lepage equivalents of Lagrangians are a higher order, field-theoretical generalization of the notion of Poincare-Cartan form from mechanics and play a similar role: they give rise to a geometric formulation (and to a geometric…
This paper establishes a formal framework, grounded in mathematical logic and order theory, to analyze the inherent limitations of radical transparency. We demonstrate that self-referential disclosure policies inevitably encounter…
We take causality and uniqueness of events observation as our driving forces. They are built in in the way we define distinct observers, which then require a finite time to communicate between each other. This unavoidably leads to the…
Herbrand's Fundamental Theorem provides a constructive characterization of derivability in first-order predicate logic by means of sentential logic. Sometimes it is simply called "Herbrand's Theorem", but the longer name is preferable as…
There are several relations which may fall short of genuine identity, but which behave like identity in important respects. Such grades of discrimination have recently been the subject of much philosophical and technical discussion. This…
Building on Pierre Simon's notion of distality, we introduce distality rank as a property of first-order theories and give examples for each rank $m$ such that $1\leq m \leq \omega$. For NIP theories, we show that distality rank is…
It is well-known that biological phenomena are emergent. Emergent phenomena are quite interesting and amazing. However, they are difficult to be understood. Due to this difficulty, we propose a theory to describe emergence based on a…
We investigate lifted inference on ordered domains with predecessor relations, where the elements of the domain respect a total (cyclic) order, and every element has a distinct (clockwise) predecessor. Previous work has explored this…
Using the direct relation between the Gegenbauer polynomials and the Ferrers function of the first kind, we compute interrelations between certain Jacobi polynomials, Meixner polynomials, and the Ferrers function of the first kind. We then…
In the paper we introduce a notion of a key relation, which is similar to the notion of a critical relation introduced by Keith A.Kearnes and \'Agnes Szendrei. All clones on finite sets can be defined by only key relations. In addition…
We introduce an equivalence relation on the global class of morphisms of a category that extends several classical notions of equivalence in mathematics. We show that the standard group-action equivalence is a special case of our framework.…
In a previous paper we introduced the concept of semiseparable functor. Here we continue our study of these functors in connection with idempotent (Cauchy) completion. To this aim, we introduce and investigate the notions of (co)reflection…
The interaction of crack fronts with asperities is central to the criteria of fracture in heterogeneous materials and for predicting fracture surface formation. It is known how dynamic crack fronts respond to small, 1st-order,…