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Bacteria possess diverse mechanisms to regulate their motility in response to environmental and physiological signals, enabling them to navigate complex habitats and adapt their behavior. Among these mechanisms, interspecies recognition…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-01 Mattia Mattei , David Soriano Paños , Mahantesh Halappanavar , Alex Arenas

Living systems are capable of locomotion, reconfiguration, and replication. To perform these tasks, cells spatiotemporally coordinate the interactions of force-generating, "active" molecules that create and manipulate non-equilibrium…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-08-28 Tyler D. Ross , Heun Jin Lee , Zijie Qu , Rachel A. Banks , Rob Phillips , Matt Thomson

We use a combination of unsupervised clustering and sparsity-promoting inference algorithms to learn locally dominant force balances that explain macroscopic pattern formation in self-organized active particle systems. The self-organized…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-07-28 Dominik Sturm , Suryanarayana Maddu , Ivo F. Sbalzarini

Hypothesis:Diffusion in confinement is an important fundamental problem with significant implications for applications of supported liquid phases. However, resolving the spatially dependent diffusion coefficient, parallel and perpendicular…

We study the dynamics of quasi-two-dimensional concentrated suspensions of colloidal particles in active gels by computer simulations. Remarkably, we find that activity induces a dynamic clustering of colloids even in the absence of any…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-10-11 G. Foffano , J. S. Lintuvuori , K. Stratford , M. E. Cates , D. Marenduzzo

We combine computer simulations and analytical theory to investigate the glassy dynamics in dense assemblies of athermal particles evolving under the sole influence of self-propulsion. The simulations reveal that when the persistence time…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-30 Grzegorz Szamel , Elijah Flenner , Ludovic Berthier

Liquid-liquid phase separation is important across biology, physics, and materials science. Although usually studied at equilibrium, active components - such as motor proteins, enzymes, and synthetic microswimmers - are increasingly…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-01-06 Kan Chang , Yulin Li , Ming Yuan , Masaki Sano , Zhihong You , H. P. Zhang

The success of topological insulators (TI) in creating devices with unique functionalities is directly connected to the ability of coupling their helical spin states to well defined perturbations. However, up to now, TI-based…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-03-12 Thomas Bathon , Paolo Sessi , Konstantin Kokh , Oleg Tereshchenko , Matthias Bode

To maintain homeostasis, living cells process information with networks of interacting molecules. Traditional models for cellular information processing have focused on networks of chemical reactions between molecules. Here, we describe how…

Biological Physics · Physics 2025-08-01 Arvind Murugan , David Zwicker , Charlotta Lorenz , Eric R. Dufresne

We develop a sharp-interface model for solid-state dewetting of double-bubble thin films using an energy variational approach based on a newly proposed interfacial energy. This model characterizes the dynamic evolution of interfaces in…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-03-06 Meng Li , Nan Wang , Ruofan Zhao , Chunjie Zhou

Concentration gradients play a critical role in embryogenesis, bacterial locomotion, as well as the motility of active particles. Particles develop concentration profiles around them by dissolution, adsorption, or the reactivity of surface…

In this review we summarize theoretical progress in the field of active matter, placing it in the context of recent experiments. Our approach offers a unified framework for the mechanical and statistical properties of living matter:…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2012-07-13 M. C. Marchetti , J. -F. Joanny , S. Ramaswamy , T. B. Liverpool , J. Prost , Madan Rao , R. Aditi Simha

We present a theory for phase-separated liquid coacervates with salt, taking into account spatial heterogeneities and interfacial profiles. We find that charged layers of alternating sign can form around the interface while the bulk phases…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-08-07 Arghya Majee , Christoph A. Weber , Frank Jülicher

Active fluids, such as cytoskeletal filaments, bacterial colonies and epithelial cell layers, exhibit distinctive orientational coherence, often characterized by nematic order and topological defects. By contrast, little is known about…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-04-07 Mattia Serra , Linnea Lemma , Luca Giomi , Zvonimir Dogic , L. Mahadevan

The inverse problem of designing component interactions to target emergent structure is fundamental to numerous applications in biotechnology, materials science, and statistical physics. Equally important is the inverse problem of designing…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-11-20 Carl P. Goodrich , Ella M. King , Samuel S. Schoenholz , Ekin D. Cubuk , Michael Brenner

The self-consistent field theory is a popular and highly successful theoretical framework for studying equilibrium (co)polymer systems at the mesoscopic level. Dynamic density functionals allow one to use this framework for studying…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-02-15 Friederike Schmid , Bing Li

Cells and microorganisms employ dynamic shape changes to enable steering and avoidance for efficient spatial exploration and collective organization. In contrast, active colloids, their synthetic counterparts, currently lack similar…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-01-03 Stefania Ketzetzi , Lorenzo Caprini , Vivien Willems , Laura Alvarez , Hartmut Löwen , Lucio Isa

A wide array of biological systems can navigate in shallow gradients of chemoattractant with remarkable precision. Whilst previous approaches model such systems using coarse-grained chemical density profiles, we construct a dynamical model…

Biological Physics · Physics 2023-12-19 Jacob Knight , Paula García-Galindo , Johannes Pausch , Gunnar Pruessner

We investigate the steady-state and dynamical properties of a reciprocal many-body system consisting of self-propelled active particles with local alignment interactions that exists within a fan-shaped neighborhood of each particle. We find…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-07-07 Wei-chen Guo , Zuo Wang , Pei-fang Wu , Li-jun Lang , Bao-quan Ai , Liang He

We investigate the collective dynamics of self-propelled droplets, confined in a one dimensional micro-fluidic channel. On one hand, neighboring droplets align and form large trains of droplets moving in the same direction. On the other…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-05-14 Pierre Illien , Charlotte de Blois , Yang Liu , Marjolein N. van der Linden , Olivier Dauchot