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Recent advancements in handwritten text recognition (HTR) have enabled the effective conversion of handwritten text to digital formats. However, achieving robust recognition across diverse writing styles remains challenging. Traditional HTR…
Imagery texts are usually organized as a hierarchy of several visual elements, i.e. characters, words, text lines and text blocks. Among these elements, character is the most basic one for various languages such as Western, Chinese,…
In this paper, we propose new methods to learn Chinese word representations. Chinese characters are composed of graphical components, which carry rich semantics. It is common for a Chinese learner to comprehend the meaning of a word from…
The handwritten text recognition problem is widely studied by the researchers of computer vision community due to its scope of improvement and applicability to daily lives, It is a sub-domain of pattern recognition. Due to advancement of…
Single online handwritten Chinese character recognition~(single OLHCCR) has achieved prominent performance. However, in real application scenarios, users always write multiple Chinese characters to form one complete sentence and the…
Chinese calligraphy, a UNESCO Heritage, remains computationally challenging due to visual ambiguity and cultural complexity. Existing AI systems fail to contextualize their intricate scripts, because of limited annotated data and poor…
Segmentation of highly slanted and horizontally overlapped characters is a challenging research area that is still fresh. Several techniques are reported in the state of art, but produce low accuracy for the highly slanted characters…
Driven by deep learning and the large volume of data, scene text recognition has evolved rapidly in recent years. Formerly, RNN-attention based methods have dominated this field, but suffer from the problem of \textit{attention drift} in…
For analysing and/or understanding languages having no word boundaries based on morphological analysis such as Japanese, Chinese, and Thai, it is desirable to perform appropriate word segmentation before word embeddings. But it is…
Holographic Reduced Representations (HRR) are a method for performing symbolic AI on top of real-valued vectors by associating each vector with an abstract concept, and providing mathematical operations to manipulate vectors as if they were…
Handwritten text recognition aims to convert visual input into machine-readable text, and it remains challenging due to the evolving and context-dependent nature of handwriting. Character sets change over time, and character frequency…
We propose a novel method that uses convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for feature extraction. Not just limited to conventional spatial domain representation, we use multilevel 2D discrete Haar wavelet transform, where image…
Deep learning is one of the new and important branches in machine learning. Deep learning refers to a set of algorithms that solve various problems such as images and texts by using various machine learning algorithms in multi-layer neural…
Arabic Handwritten Character Recognition (AHCR) has recently advanced significantly with deep Convolutional Neural Networks (ConvNets). However, many models in the literature are deep and computationally expensive in terms of parameters and…
Handwritten character recognition is an active area of research with applications in numerous fields. Past and recent works in this field have concentrated on various languages. Arabic is one language where the scope of research is still…
Optical Character Recognition (OCR) technology finds applications in digitizing books and unstructured documents, along with applications in other domains such as mobility statistics, law enforcement, traffic, security systems, etc. The…
Appropriate feature set for representation of pattern classes is one of the most important aspects of handwritten character recognition. The effectiveness of features depends on the discriminating power of the features chosen to represent…
Convolutional neural networks(CNNs) has become one of the primary algorithms for various computer vision tasks. Handwritten character recognition is a typical example of such task that has also attracted attention. CNN architectures such as…
Recent advances in contrastive learning have enlightened diverse applications across various semi-supervised fields. Jointly training supervised learning and unsupervised learning with a shared feature encoder becomes a common scheme.…
Handwritten text recognition in low resource scenarios, such as manuscripts with rare alphabets, is a challenging problem. The main difficulty comes from the very few annotated data and the limited linguistic information (e.g. dictionaries…